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Pingping Lyu^1,2, Jiaojiao Shi², Jingjing Wang³

¹School of Public Health and Management, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, 283 South Jiefang Road, Yancheng, 224005, China.

BMC ophthalmology

|October 11, 2025

概括

轴长 (AL) 是对学龄前儿童近视查的可靠指标. 对于年龄较大的儿童,未经校正的视敏度 (UCVA) 和非循环折射 (NCR) 足以预测近视,从而有可能避免循环.

科学领域:

眼科医生眼科眼科
儿科眼科医生儿科眼科医生
公共卫生公共卫生

背景情况:

学校视力查对于早期近视检测至关重要.
在非cycloplegic查中评估不同指标的有效性对于准确的近视评估至关重要.
未经纠正的视力敏度 (UCVA),非cycloplegic折射 (NCR) 和轴长度 (AL) 是常用的指标.

研究的目的:

评估UCVA,NCR和AL在非cycloplegic学校视力查近视的稳定性和预测能力.
为了比较这些指标在不同年龄组的有效性.
确定儿童近视的最佳查策略.

主要方法:

这是一项回顾性队列研究,利用了上海儿童和青少年大规模眼睛研究 (SCALE) 的数据.
对UCVA,球体等效 (SE) 和AL在学校查和医院再评估之间对初始查失败的学生的差异的分析.
使用决策曲线分析评估UCVA与NCR结合,作为近视转诊的预测指标.

主要成果:

轴长 (AL) 显示出高可靠性 (ICC=0.981) 作为所有年龄段近视指标,超过UCVA (ICC=0.791) 和SE (ICC=0.806).
使用UCVA和NCR (76.10%) 估计的近视患病率明显高于循环折射 (58.37%),具有高灵敏度 (96.93%) 但适度的特异性 (53.13%).
学龄前儿童的近视率显著降低 (50.17%至19.82%),与学龄儿童不同,这表明AL整合对年幼儿童更有益.

结论:

轴长 (AL) 应纳入学前儿童近视查计划,因为在循环之后观察到的显著折射变化.
对于学龄儿童来说,未经校正的视敏度 (UCVA) 和非循环折射 (NCR) 的组合足以预测近视,可能会否定循环眼检查的需要.
优化学校视力查协议可以提高近视检测的准确性和效率.

关键词:

决策分析决策分析近视的预测和预测推标准推标准推标准学校视力查学校视力查

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