调查常规和有机农业实践之间生奶中的季节性微生物组变化
Daria Van De Grift1, Eiseul Kim1, Seung-Min Yang1
1Department of Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331.
Journal of dairy science
|October 11, 2025
概括
有机和传统的奶牛养殖实践具有相似的生牛奶微生物群落,但养殖方法会影响季节性变化和特定的细菌丰度. 随着时间的推移,农场管理显著塑造了牛奶微生物群的组成.
科学领域:
- 乳制品科学 乳制品科学
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 环境科学 环境科学
背景情况:
- 生牛奶微生物群受到农业实践,环境暴露和季节变化的影响.
- 了解这些影响对于食品安全和质量至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查有机和传统奶牛养殖方式如何影响一年内生奶微生物组成.
- 为了确定生牛奶的季节性和农场类型特定的微生物趋势.
主要方法:
- 牛奶和环境样本的微生物组测序来自俄勒冈州的7个乳制品农场 (4个有机,3个常规).
- 在一年的时间内季度采样采集.
- 微生物社区结构,多样性 (α和β) 和丰度的分析.
主要成果:
- 在所有季节和农场类型中,Escherichia-Shigella是生牛奶中最丰富的品种.
- 在冬季和夏季,常规牛奶的有氧盘数量更高.
- 与传统牛奶相比,有机牛奶在α多样性 (香农指数) 中的季节性变化更大,而传统牛奶保持更稳定.
- 牛奶和环境之间的共享微生物种群因季节和农场类型而异,表明住房的影响 (放牧与限制).
- 在放牧季节,罗姆布西亚在有机牛奶中较为丰富,而Clostridium sensu stricto 1在冬季的常规牛奶中更为独特.
结论:
- 虽然整体微生物群落是相似的,但农场管理 (有机与传统) 和住房做法显著影响着生奶中的季节性变化和特定微生物种群.
- 季节性和住房相关的趋势凸显了农场管理对牛奶微生物群的动态影响.
- 对特定管理实践的进一步研究可以优化生牛奶微生物质量和安全性.
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