海洋资源通过补贴海冰上的陆地捕食者来改变原食物网的动态
Sean M Johnson-Bice1, Frank B Baldwin2, Evan S Richardson3
1Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
Ecology
|October 12, 2025
概括
北极狐通过使用海资源,连接海洋和原的食物网,影响的繁殖. 气候变化威胁着这种联系和捕食者种群.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 北极的生态系统
- 食物网络动力学 食物网络动力学
背景情况:
- 捕食者对资源补贴的依赖可以放大自上而下的生态控制.
- 北极狐 (Vulpes lagopus) 在冬季利用海冰上的海洋资源,连接陆地和海洋生态系统.
- 这种陆地捕食者使用海洋补贴对原食物网的影响以前未经测试.
研究的目的:
- 研究陆地-海洋界面上的原食物网动态.
- 评估冬季条件如何影响动物和海洋补贴的可用性.
- 确定北极狐种群对这些资源的反应对加拿大的繁殖的影响.
主要方法:
- 评估了影响猎物可用性的冬季环境因素.
- 监测了与粮食资源相关的北极狐种群动态.
- 评估了北极狐丰富对加拿大繁殖成功的影响.
- 分析了繁殖和雪持续性的长期趋势.
主要成果:
- 北极狐种群随着动物的繁多 (与雪的持续性有关) 和海洋补贴的可用性 (以北极熊的状况为代理) 增加.
- 加拿大的繁殖成功随着北极狐的数量增加而减少.
- 通过共享的北极狐掠食,观察到动物和之间的明显竞争证据.
- 在巢和春季开始之间发现了一种现象学上的不匹配.
结论:
- 北极狐是海洋和原食物网之间的关键纽带,通过它们对海洋补贴的反应,间接影响的繁殖.
- 这项研究揭示了明显竞争的机制,并强调了这种陆地-海洋联系对气候变化的脆弱性.
- 由于气候变化导致北极狐和北极熊种群的减少可能会破坏这些食物网相互作用.
相关概念视频
Keystone Species
24.1K
Measures of species biodiversity, such as richness (i.e., the number of species present) and evenness (i.e., their relative abundance), describe an ecological community’s structure. Many factors affect community structure, including abiotic factors (e.g., sunlight and nutrients), disturbances (e.g., fire or flood), species interactions (e.g., predation or competition), and chance events (e.g., foreign species invasion). Certain species—such as keystone species—also play a...
24.1K
Predator-Prey Interactions
20.9K
Predators consume prey for energy. Predators that acquire prey and prey that avoid predation both increase their chances of survival and reproduction (i.e., fitness). Routine predator-prey interactions elicit mutual adaptations that improve predator offenses, such as claws, teeth, and speed, as well as prey defenses, including crypsis, aposematism, and mimicry. Thus, predator-prey interactions resemble an evolutionary arms race.
20.9K
Optimal Foraging
13.4K
How animals obtain and eat their food is called foraging behavior. Foraging can include searching for plants and hunting for prey and depends on the species and environment.
13.4K
Osmoregulation in Fishes
52.6K
When cells are placed in a hypotonic (low-salt) fluid, they can swell and burst. Meanwhile, cells in a hypertonic solution—with a higher salt concentration—can shrivel and die. How do fish cells avoid these gruesome fates in hypotonic freshwater or hypertonic seawater environments?
52.6K
Threats to Biodiversity
26.4K
There have been five major extinction events throughout geological history, resulting in the elimination of biodiversity, followed by a rebound of species that adapted to the new conditions. In the current geological epoch, the Holocene, there is a sixth extinction event in progress. This mass extinction has been attributed to human activities and is thus provisionally called the Anthropocene. In 2019 the human population reached 7.7 billion people and is projected to comprise 10 billion by...
26.4K
Trophic Efficiency
24.9K
Trophic level transfer efficiency (TLTE) is a measure of the total energy transfer from one trophic level to the next. Due to extensive energy loss as metabolic heat, an average of only 10% of the original energy obtained is passed on to the next level. This pattern of energy loss severely limits the possible number of trophic levels in a food chain.
24.9K


