在COVID-19大流行期间,重新向访客开放养老院的模式和预测因素
Jiaying Lu1, John R Bowblis2, Shuang Li3
1Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
|October 12, 2025
概括
在解除COVID-19禁令后,养老院最初缓慢地向游客重新开放. 设施和社区COVID-19率是影响这些长期护理设施访客政策的关键因素.
科学领域:
- 老年学与公共卫生
- 传染病流行病学 传染病流行病学
- 医疗保健政策和管理
背景情况:
- 在COVID-19大流行期间,全州范围内的访客限制是养老院的常见公共卫生措施.
- 了解重新向游客开放养老院的模式和预测因素对于平衡感染控制与居民福祉至关重要.
- 取消访客禁令为长期护理机构在管理居民安全和社会需求方面提出了新的挑战.
研究的目的:
- 为了检查在全州禁令解除后,养老院重新向访客开放的时间模式.
- 确定与养老院相关的预测因素,允许外部访客和恢复访客禁令.
- 分析设施层面和社区层面的COVID-19状态对访客政策的影响.
主要方法:
- 来自俄俄州847家养老院的公开数据的二次分析.
- 利用了2020年10月29日至2021年4月15日的每周访客政策数据.
- 采用2级层次的等级通用线性混合模型来识别允许访客和恢复禁令的预测因素,控制居民,设施和COVID-19因素.
主要成果:
- 最初,51%的养老院允许在禁令解除后3周内访问;这一比例波动,到2021年4月达到81%.
- 最近有居民或工作人员COVID-19感染的设施不太可能允许游客 (RR,0.38).
- 较高的社区COVID-19率 (RR,0.80),更多的床位 (RR,1.61) 和较高的5星评级 (RR,1.27) 与允许游客的可能性较低或恢复禁令的可能性更高有关.
结论:
- 养老院对访客的重新开放遵循了一个缓慢而动态的模式,随着时间的推移,政策发生了变化.
- 设施和社区COVID-19状态是影响允许游客的决定的主要预测因素.
- 研究结果强调了感染控制措施与长期护理机构中社会联系的需要之间的复杂相互作用.
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