哥斯达黎加的反式脂肪禁令对心血管疾病的影响:一项宏观模拟研究
Rafael Monge-Rojas1, Rulamán Vargas-Quesada1, Victor Villalobos-Daniel2
1Health and Nutrition Unit Costa Rican Institute for Research and Education on Nutrition and Heath Tres Rios Cartago Costa Rica Health and Nutrition Unit, Costa Rican Institute for Research and Education on Nutrition and Heath, Tres Rios, Cartago, Costa Rica.
概括
实施世卫组织REPLACE战略可以显著减少哥斯达黎加的心血管疾病死亡人数. 禁止部分化油可以防止每年超过200人死亡,并节省数百万的经济生产力.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
背景情况:
- 工业生产的转脂肪酸 (IP-TFAs) 是全球心血管疾病 (CVD) 的主要原因之一.
- 世界卫生组织 (WHO) 建议采用REPLACE战略,从食品供应中消除IP-TFAs.
- 哥斯达黎加有机会通过采用IP-TFA法规来减少其CVD负担.
研究的目的:
- 为了模拟世卫组织REPLACE战略对哥斯达黎加心脏病死亡率的潜在影响.
- 评估限制食品供应中的IP-TFAs的不同监管场景.
- 估计与降低心血管疾病死亡率相关的经济效益.
主要方法:
- 利用TFA宏模拟模型来模拟心血管疾病死亡率的降低.
- 评估了三个监管场景:2%/5%的IP-TFA限制,统一的2%的IP-TFA限制,以及对部分化油 (PHO) 的完全禁令.
- 量化了潜在的每年避免死亡和从减少生产力损失中获得的经济节约.
主要成果:
- 统一的2%的IP-TFA限值可以防止或延迟每年大约128例心血管疾病死亡.
- 完全禁止PHO可以避免每年约215例心血管疾病死亡.
- 预计PHO禁令每年可以节省大约210万美元的经济成本.
结论:
- 世卫组织的REPLACE战略为减少心血管疾病死亡率和改善哥斯达黎加人口健康提供了重大机会.
- 通过监管行动消除IP-TFAs得到了大量健康和经济证据的支持.
- 这些发现为倡导在哥斯达黎加和更广泛的美洲地区推行IP-TFA消除政策提供了坚实的基础.
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