2018-2023年西班牙非致命的故意自我伤害和自杀的趋势:一项基于全国注册的全国性研究
Teresa López-Cuadrado1, Philippe Mortier2,3, Jordi Alonso2,3,4
1Mental Health and Suicidal Behavior Group, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain.
The Lancet regional health. Europe
|October 13, 2025
概括
在西班牙,非致命的自我伤害正在增加,特别是在年轻女性中. 自杀率也显著上升,凸显了针对性预防策略的必要性. 这项研究分析了2018年至2023年的趋势.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 心理健康研究 心理健康研究
背景情况:
- 监测自杀和非致命的故意自我伤害 (NLISH) 对有效的预防策略至关重要.
- 了解与NLISH和自杀相关的趋势和人口因素对于公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 从2018年到2023年,分析西班牙非致命的故意自伤 (NLISH) 住院和自杀率的趋势.
- 检查与NLISH和自杀相关的社会人口统计和临床因素.
- 识别自杀行为中的特定年龄和性别模式.
主要方法:
- 一项全国性以人口为基础的研究,利用健康登记册用于NLISH住院和国家自杀死亡率数据.
- 对NLISH的社会人口统计特征,使用的方法和临床因素的分析.
- 使用joinpoint回归来评估NLISH和按性别和年龄组的自杀率的年度和月度趋势.
主要成果:
- 在2018-2023年期间,西班牙记录了73,692例NLISH住院病例和23,496例自杀.
- 在女性中,NLISH更为普遍 (60.1%),而自杀在男性中更为普遍 (74.4%).
- 每年NLISH率增加8.0%,特别是在2020年后的年轻女性中,而自杀率每年增加2.6%,特别是在年轻女性和中年男性中.
结论:
- 在西班牙,非致命的自我伤害正在上升,在年轻女性中显著增加.
- 自杀率虽然较低,但也显示出明显的上升趋势,特别是在特定的人口群体中.
- 迫切需要针对年龄和性别敏感的战略,以解决所有形式的自杀行为,并改善心理健康护理的准入.
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