解码猫头的呼叫:从被动声学监控中提炼占用推断
Natalie M Rugg1,2, Cara L Appel1,2, Julianna M A Jenkins1
1Pacific Northwest Research Station USDA Forest Service Corvallis Oregon USA.
Ecology and evolution
|October 13, 2025
概括
北方斑点猫头使用声调来防御领土,但这些呼叫表明使用率高的区域,而不是整个家园范围. 了解声音行为可以改善保护和息地管理的被动声学监测.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 生物声学是一种生物声学.
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
背景情况:
- 领地物种经常使用声调来进行防御,但被防御的区域可能与本地范围不同.
- 被动声学监测越来越多地用于人口评估,需要对特定物种空间使用的精细理解.
- 北方斑点猫头在繁殖过程中发出声音,但雌性猫头的检测能力和干扰使声学数据的解释复杂化.
研究的目的:
- 量化北方斑点猫头的声音活动与性别,生殖状态,景观特征和禁止猫头的存在有关.
- 改进用于北方斑点猫头占用率估计和保护的声学数据的解释.
- 开发一个基于检测的框架,从被动声学监测数据中推断占用率.
主要方法:
- 在北方斑点猫头活动中心附近部署了自主录音单元,以记录声音.
- 量化声乐活动,考虑性别,生殖状况,景观和物种间的竞争 (带条猫头).
- 从重叠的监测站点进行比较检测,以评估可检测性和完善空间使用估计.
主要成果:
- 男性北方斑点猫头的呼叫被检测到的频率和一致性比女性的呼叫更高.
- 雌性呼叫很少见,并且集中在活动中心附近,特别是在筑巢时.
- 声学推断的声音空间使用区域比公布的家庭范围小,表明高使用区域.
结论:
- 语音代表了北方斑点猫头的高使用区域,而不是总空间使用.
- 基于检测的几周的检测频谱可以通过计算呼叫率和性别来改善占用推断.
- 解释声学数据的细微,客观的值对于准确的种群评估和有效的息地保护至关重要.
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