儿科牙科的高风险药物:模式,结果和临床影响
Journal of the American Dental Association (1939)
|October 13, 2025
概括
涉及阿片类药物的儿科牙科诊所显示,过量或持续使用的风险为10%,特别是在幼儿中. 对儿童来说,更安全的阿片类药物和非阿片类药物止痛药的处方至关重要.
科学领域:
- 儿科牙科 儿科牙科
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 像阿片类药物和二类药物这样的高风险药物在儿科牙科护理中很常见.
- 对这些药物的处方模式和儿童的不良后果尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 评估在儿科牙医诊所处方高风险药物的频率.
- 确定与接受这些药物的儿童不良后果相关的因素.
主要方法:
- 分析MarketScan数据 (2014-2019) 对18岁以下的患者进行牙科检查的分析.
- 定义的高风险药物 (二,巴比图拉特,阿片类药物) 和复合结果 (住院治疗,ED/紧急护理访问在7天内).
- 检查了阿片类药物特定的结果 (过量服用,持续使用),并使用了统计分析的概括估计方程.
主要成果:
- 0.72%的儿科牙科访问涉及高风险药物;4.3%导致复合结果.
- 与阿片类药物相关的结果发生在10.1%的阿片类药物处方牙科诊所.
- 增加不良结果的几率与特定的年龄组,性别,慢性疾病和护理环境有关.
结论:
- 十分之一的儿科牙科诊所使用阿片类药物处方导致过量或持续使用,特别是在年幼的儿童中.
- 在儿童阿片类药物处方和推广基于指南的非阿片类止痛药方面迫切需要谨慎.
- 建议包括遵守指导方针,非阿片类药物疼痛管理,以及为更安全的儿科牙科处方提供者教育.
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