具有内化障碍的青少年的执行功能:系统性审查
Géraldine P Fontaine1, Kimberly V Blake2, Nastassja Koen2,3
1Neuroscience Institute, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. geraldine.fontaine@uct.ac.za.
European child & adolescent psychiatry
|October 13, 2025
概括
青少年的内化障碍与执行功能 (EF) 困难有关. 客观任务绩效和主观评级都揭示了EF挑战,表明基于评级的措施对临床见解有价值.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 青少年健康 青少年健康
背景情况:
- 内化障碍 (INT),如焦虑症 (AD) 和抑郁症 (DD),通常在青春期出现.
- 执行功能 (EF) 领域,包括抑制,转移和工作记忆 (WM),可能在患有INT的青少年中被选择性损害.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查关于内部化障碍与青少年执行功能之间的关联的证据.
- 评估EF的基于任务和基于评级的措施,与INTs相关.
主要方法:
- 在2023年5月进行了对主要数据库 (Medline,Psych-INFO,Scopus,Web of Science) 的系统搜索.
- 包括专注于患有AD或DD的青少年 (12-17岁) 的研究,分析了自2014年以来发表的32篇符合条件的文章的EF参数.
主要成果:
- 患有DD的青少年最一致地显示出较低的基于任务的抑制.
- 对于其他EF领域和INT的发现是混合的,一些研究表明强迫症和AD的抑制得到改善.
- 自主或家长评级的EF表明了各个领域的困难,与一些基于任务的措施的完整表现形成鲜明对比.
结论:
- 青少年的内化障碍与客观和主观的执行功能困难有关.
- 没有确的证据表明所有INT都存在选择性域特定EF差异.
- 基于评级的EF指标可能对微妙的困难更敏感,并在研究和临床环境中提供附加值.
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