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儿童和青少年常见肥胖的遗传学

Guadalupe León-Reyes¹, Francisco J López Alavez¹, Maria Elizabeth Tejero¹

¹Laboratory of Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), Mexico City, México.

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

|October 13, 2025

概括

常见的遗传变异有助于儿童肥胖,与环境因素相互作用. 需要对不同种群进行进一步的研究,以了解它们的功能影响和临床意义.

科学领域:

遗传学是一个遗传学.
公共卫生公共卫生
儿科儿科儿科

背景情况:

儿童肥胖是一个由多个因素影响的全球公共卫生问题.
遗传变异从小就在个体对肥胖的倾向中起作用.
儿童肥胖症可以分为综合征性,单基因性或多基因性,多基因性肥胖症是最普遍的,并且与环境影响有显著的相互作用.

研究的目的:

进行范围审查,以识别和综合现有的关于常见遗传变异与儿童和青少年肥胖相关特征之间的关联的文献.
了解关于儿童肥胖的遗传基础研究的现状.
突出知识上的差距,并建议未来的研究方向.

主要方法:

对文献进行了全面的范围审查.
研究被确定并分类为全基因组研究,选择变异的元分析和向基因型研究.
总共有180个相关研究被纳入了审查.

主要成果:

全基因组的元分析,主要是在高加索人群中,确定了大约40个与肥胖相关的特征相关的基因中的100多个变异.
鉴定的基因主要与食欲调节和能量消耗有关,尽管一些基因功能需要进一步阐明.
针对性变体研究已经复制了一些发现,但由于研究设计,种群和样本大小的差异,关联因差异而有所不同.

结论:

常见的遗传变异有助于儿童肥胖,通常与环境因素结合.
进一步研究遗传变异对儿童肥胖的影响至关重要,特别是在不同种族和人口群体中.
阐明已识别的基因变异的功能影响和临床相关性对于未来的研究和潜在的干预措施至关重要.

关键词:

儿童肥胖儿童肥胖儿童肥胖儿童肥胖儿童肥胖儿童肥胖遗传多形态的遗传多形态.一个核酸的多态性.

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