宿主细胞Z-RNA在病毒感染期间激活ZBP1
Chaoran Yin1, Aleksandr Fedorov2,3, Hongyan Guo4
1Center for Immunology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Nature
|October 13, 2025
概括
宿主细胞Z-RNAs,而不是病毒,在单纯疹病毒1和流感A病毒感染期间激活Z-形式核酸结合蛋白1 (ZBP1). 这种细胞死亡反应对抗病毒对宿主转录的破坏.
科学领域:
- 病毒学
- 免疫学
- 分子生物学
背景情况:
- 简单疹病毒1 (HSV-1) 和流感A病毒 (IAV) 触发Z型核酸结合蛋白1 (ZBP1) 介导的细胞死亡.
- 在这些感染中,ZBP1激活通常由Z-RNA诱导,此前被认为是病毒源.
研究的目的:
- 调查在HSV-1和IAV感染期间激活ZBP1的Z-RNAs的来源.
- 阐明病毒引发ZBP1介导细胞死亡的机制.
主要方法:
- 在HSV-1和IAV感染细胞中分析Z-RNA起源.
- 包含Z-RNA的宿主细胞转录的识别.
- 研究ZBP1激活中的病毒蛋白 (ICP27,NS1) 和宿主因子 (CPSF).
- 在没有ZBP1激活的情况下评估病毒衰减.
主要成果:
- 主体细胞编码的Z-RNAs,主要来自扩展的mRNA 3'端的内源逆元素,是主要的ZBP1激活配体.
- 病毒中断转录终止 (DoTT) 会导致这些宿主Z-RNAs的积累.
- 缺乏ICP27或NS1的病毒抑制了CPSF并导致DoTT,无法诱导宿主Z-RNA积累,并且被减弱.
- 病毒蛋白外表达或CPSF抑制诱导宿主Z-RNA并激活ZBP1.
结论:
- 由DoTT生成的细胞Z-RNA是足够的ZBP1激活配体.
- 激活ZBP1的细胞死亡作为对抗病毒干扰细胞转录的宿主防御机制.
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