在引入,扩展和评估COVID-19疫苗的有效性方面存在全球差异
Martina Pesce1, Daniel R Feikin2, Melissa M Higdon3
1The Vaccine Centre, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Nature communications
|October 13, 2025
概括
全球COVID-19疫苗接种计划面临重大差异,低收入国家在疫苗引入和覆盖方面遇到了延迟. 然而,在所有收入水平上,疫苗的有效性仍然很强,证明了对严重疾病的强有力的保护.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 由于COVID-19的流行,全球疫苗接种工作取得了前所未有的进展.
- 在全球范围内,在疫苗计划的引入,扩展和评估方面观察到显著的差异.
- 关于COVID-19疫苗有效性的现有文献主要集中在高收入国家和mRNA疫苗上.
研究的目的:
- 系统量化COVID-19疫苗在不同收入水平的推广和有效性的差异.
- 分析国家收入状况对疫苗引入,覆盖里程碑和VE的影响.
- 确定有关全球使用的疫苗和平台的证据差距.
主要方法:
- 链接国家收入,COVID-19疫苗接种率和疫苗有效性的公共数据集.
- 对疫苗进行了元回归分析,在收入设置中提供了 VE 数据.
- 对比了疫苗引入时间表,覆盖范围的里程碑成就,以及Delta和Omicron变种期间的VE.
主要成果:
- 低收入国家较晚引入COVID-19疫苗,并比高收入国家更少,更慢地实现覆盖的里程碑.
- 对于BNT162b2,mRNA-1273和ChAdOx1-S,针对严重的COVID-19的初级系列VE是强大的,并且在Delta和Omicron期间没有显著的基于收入的差异.
- 对于主要用于低收入环境的疫苗和平台,存在大量证据差距.
结论:
- COVID-19 疫苗在全球不同的人口中提供强有力的预防严重疾病的保护.
- 在COVID-19疫苗实施的各个阶段都有显著的差异,不成比例地影响了低收入国家.
- 解决证据差距对于了解全球广泛使用的疫苗的性能至关重要.
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