食品生产的碳足迹:系统审查和元分析
Jafar Mandouri1,2, Nuri C Onat3, Murat Kucukvar4
1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Tennessee, USA.
Scientific reports
|October 13, 2025
概括
粮食生产对温室气体 (GHG) 排放作出了重大贡献. 这项研究分析了118项生命周期评估 (LCA),发现LCA方法的选择和废物纳入对各种食品类型的温室气体排放计算产生了重大影响.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 食品科学 食品科学 食品科学
背景情况:
- 粮食生产是全球气候危机的主要驱动因素,对温室气体 (GHG) 排放作出了重大贡献.
- 了解影响这些排放的因素对于制定减排战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 对118项关于食品生产温室气体排放的生命周期评估 (LCA) 研究进行全面的元分析.
- 通过机器学习,识别各种食品类别温室气体排放的关键决定因素.
- 量化温室气体排放范围和平均值,考虑各种方法和区域因素.
主要方法:
- 118个已发表的生命周期评估 (LCA) 研究的系统审查和元分析.
- 应用机器学习 (梯度增强算法) 来识别对温室气体排放有影响的因素.
- 食品分为七组:红肉,海鲜,白肉,水果和蔬菜,动物产品,其他植物产品和其他 (油).
主要成果:
- 选择LCA方法是报告温室气体排放的重要决定因素,特别是动物产品,红肉和海鲜.
- 只有22%的研究纳入废物,在某些类别中,废物纳入可能会使报告的温室气体排放量增加高达39%.
- 详细的最小-最大-平均温室气体排放数据被编制为食品类别,考虑到区域差异,范围和方法选择.
结论:
- 生命周期评估方法和废物会计显著影响食品生产报告的温室气体足迹.
- 准确的温室气体排放评估需要标准化的方法和一致的废物纳入.
- 这些发现为决策者和研究人员提供了关键数据,旨在减少全球粮食系统对环境的影响.
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