年轻柔道运动员的长度发育和身体表现:成熟和训练的影响
Marina Saldanha da Silva Athayde1, Rafael Lima Kons2, Emerson Franchini3
1Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil.
Journal of sports sciences
|October 14, 2025
概括
生物学成熟对年轻柔道运动员的体力表现产生了重大影响,远远超过单独的训练. 追踪生长和身体组成有助于人才识别和培训计划调整.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 儿科生理学 儿科生理学
- 战斗运动研究 战斗运动研究
背景情况:
- 了解成熟和训练的相互作用对于优化青年体育发展至关重要.
- 柔道训练需要特定的身体属性,这些属性在青春期发展.
研究的目的:
- 纵向评估生物成熟和柔道训练对身体尺寸,构成和身体表现的影响.
- 为了在10个月的时间内确定年轻柔道运动员的关键发育变化.
主要方法:
- 一项为期10个月的纵向研究,涉及23名巴西柔道运动员 (年龄12-17岁).
- 测量包括人体测量,身体构成,手握强度 (HGS),站立远跳 (SLJ),药球投 (MBT) 和柔道特定测试.
- 用重复测量ANOVA分析了随时间变化的情况 (p < 0.05).
主要成果:
- 在10个月内,观察到身体尺寸 (p < 0.001) 和身体表现 (p = 0.004 - p < 0.001) 的显著变化.
- 成熟的发展是年轻柔道运动员体能增长的主要驱动因素.
- 大多数绩效指标显示,与增长和发展相关的统计学上显著改善.
结论:
- 对于柔道运动员来说,生物成熟在提高青春期的身体表现方面比单独的训练更重要.
- 监测青少年的成长冲刺和身体组成变化对于有效的天赋识别和柔道培训计划设计至关重要.
- 这些发现支持基于证据的教练策略,以培养柔道年轻人才.
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