DB-OTO基因疗法治疗遗传性聋症
Vassili Valayannopoulos1, Manohar Bance2, Daniela S Carvalho3
1Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, NY.
The New England journal of medicine
|October 14, 2025
概括
基因疗法DB-OTO改善了与奥托弗林 (OTOF) 相关的儿童耳聋的听力. 这种治疗使许多人能够自然地听到声音,有些人达到正常的听觉敏感度.
科学领域:
- 耳鼻喉科 耳鼻喉科 耳鼻喉科
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 遗传性奥托弗林 (OTOF) 缺陷可能导致先天性聋,影响听觉毛细胞中的突触传播.
- 目前对OTOF相关的聋的治疗主要涉及耳植入物,可用的医疗疗法有限.
- DB-OTO是一种研究中的基因疗法,利用腺相关病毒1通过毛细胞特异性促进体传递人类的OTOFcDNA.
研究的目的:
- 评估DB-OTO基因治疗在患有OTOF相关先天性聋的儿童中的安全性和有效性.
- 评估DB-OTO恢复自然声学听力的潜力,并减少对耳植入器的需求.
主要方法:
- 进行了一项开放的,单组的,首次对人进行的研究,涉及12名患有OTOF变异和严重聋 (>90dB HL) 的儿童.
- 参与者在一只或两只耳朵中接受了DB-OTO (7.2×10^12载体基因组/耳朵) 的内输液.
- 主要疗效是通过行为纯色音声测量 (PTA) 测量,在24周达到≤70dB HL;一个关键的次要终点是24周的听觉脑干响应 (ABR) ≤90dB nHL.
主要成果:
- 12名参与者中有9人 (75%) 在24周内实现了PTA ≤70dB HL的主要疗效终点,ABR ≤90dB nHL的次要终点.
- 六名参与者在没有辅助设备的情况下获得了听轻语的能力,三名获得了平均正常听觉灵敏度.
- 报告共有67个不良事件,没有一个需要停止研究.
结论:
- DB-OTO基因疗法在改善患有OTOF相关耳聋的儿童的听力方面表现出显著的疗效.
- 治疗使得自然的声学听力和正常化的听力敏感性在大量的治疗患者.
- DB-OTO代表了一种有前途的治疗方法,用于由奥托费林缺乏引起的先天性聋.
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