一种静止的捕食鸟类捕食者的家庭范围大小的性别特异性季节性变化
Ülo Väli1,2, Jaan Grosberg3, Paweł Mirski3,4
1Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 5D, 51006, Tartu, Estonia. ulo.vali@emu.ee.
Oecologia
|October 14, 2025
概括
欧亚 (Accipiter gentilis) 展示了复杂的空间使用. 雌性比雄性利用更大的家庭范围,在领土性和生殖成功方面存在显著的性别特异,影响空间生态.
科学领域:
- 空间生态学 空间生态学
- 行为生态学 行为生态学
- 鸟类生物学 鸟类生物学
背景情况:
- 物种的空间生态是由社会和人口因素塑造的.
- 多样化的空间利用可以减轻资源竞争.
- 了解空间使用对于保护至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估性别,领土性和生殖性能如何影响欧亚 (Accipiter gentilis) 的空间使用.
- 分析不同年度周期阶段的家庭范围大小.
- 为了研究一个久居的物种的长期空间模式.
主要方法:
- 在长达7年的时间里,对25只欧亚鱼的家园范围大小进行分析.
- 使用90%的自相关核密度估计用于家庭距离计算.
- 同时评估性别,领土性和生殖成功.
主要成果:
- 领地鱼的家园范围比非领地鱼的家园范围略小.
- 成功的小鱼倾向于小型的家园范围.
- 女人的家庭范围中位数 (295平方公里) 是男性 (58平方公里) 的五倍.
- 男性的家庭范围与女性 (89-100%) 广泛重叠,但女性范围显示男性利用率最低 (7-14%).
- 雌性家庭范围在化后扩大,巢部忠诚度下降,而雄性则保持全年巢部联系.
结论:
- 性别特定的空间策略可能存在,雄性是领土持有者,雌性可能寻找伴侣/巢穴地点.
- 合作伙伴之间的竞争减少可能解释观察到的空间使用模式.
- 跨年周期的长期跟踪对于了解面临资源变化和竞争的静止专家复杂空间使用至关重要.
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