儿童时期的慢性疾病与随后的教育成绩之间的关联:丹麦基于登记册的队列研究
Ann-Sophie Buchardt1, Andreas Jensen2,3, Helene Kildegaard2
1Mary Elizabeth's Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark. ann-sophie.buchardt@regionh.dk.
European journal of epidemiology
|October 14, 2025
概括
患有严重慢性疾病 (SCD) 的儿童面临着重大的教育挑战,包括较低的学校毕业率和平均成绩 (GPA). 这些差异凸显了需要量身定制的支持系统,以确保为所有儿童提供公平的学术机会.
科学领域:
- 儿科健康 儿科健康
- 教育心理学教育心理学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 儿童时期的严重慢性疾病 (SCD) 可能会对身体健康和学业成绩产生负面影响.
- 现有的研究表明,儿童疾病与教育成果之间存在联系,但关于特定疾病影响的综合数据有限.
研究的目的:
- 调查儿童时期严重慢性疾病 (SCD) 与教育成果之间的关联,在一个大规模的基于人口的队列中.
- 评估SCD和没有SCD的儿童在初中毕业和平均分数 (GPA) 中的差异.
- 确定影响这些教育差异的因素,包括性别,原籍国,母亲教育和特定的医疗条件.
主要方法:
- 一项基于人口的队列研究,涉及20979名患有SCD的丹麦儿童和423,814名对照儿童.
- 使用后勤和线性回归模型评估9年级毕业率和GPA.
- 对性别,原产国和母亲教育进行统计调整,以隔离SCD的影响.
主要成果:
- 与没有SCD的同龄人相比,患有SCD的儿童完成9年级的概率较低 (男性:0.53比0.70;女性:0.63比0.82).
- 患有SCD的儿童的GPA也明显较低 (男性:6.61比6.86;女性:7.51比7.90).
- 教育差距在受教育程度较低的母亲的孩子中更为明显,神经/产前疾病与最差的结果有关.
结论:
- 在患有严重慢性疾病的儿童中存在持续的教育不平等,即使是在提供全民医疗保健和教育的系统内.
- 这些发现强调了针对SCD儿童进行有针对性的跨部门支持干预措施的必要性,以减轻学术劣势.
- 解决社会经济因素,如母亲教育,对于减少这一弱势群体的教育差异至关重要.
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