选择退出立法是否会排挤活体器官捐赠? 一个跨国研究
Stefan Felder1, Richard Abbasi2
1Faculty of Business and Economics, University of Basel, Peter Merian-Weg 6, Basel, 4002, Switzerland. stefan.felder@unibas.ch.
概括
选择退出器官捐献系统可能会减少活体捐献. 选择退出国家的死后器官移植增加与活体捐赠的减少有关,这表明器官供应的权衡.
科学领域:
- 器官移植研究器官移植研究
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
- 行为经济学是一种行为经济学.
背景情况:
- 全球器官短缺需要创新的捐献策略.
- 选择退出 (假定同意) 系统旨在增加死后器官捐赠.
- 选择退出政策影响活体捐赠率的潜力尚未得到充分探索.
研究的目的:
- 调查选择性器官捐献立法与活体捐献率之间的关系.
- 确定死后器官供应增加是否会影响活体捐献的意愿.
主要方法:
- 分析了26个国家的器官捐献数据,长达21年的时间.
- 利用致命伤害率作为尸体脏供应的仪器变量.
- 计量经济学建模以评估对活体捐赠率的影响.
主要成果:
- 鉴定出尸体供应对活体捐献率的显著负面影响.
- 选择退出系统与较高的死后捐赠相关,但也影响着活体捐赠的动态.
- 大约50%的选择性系统中较高的活体捐赠率是由减少的尸体器官移植供应解释的.
结论:
- 选择退出器官捐献政策可能无意中减少活体捐献.
- 关于器官捐献系统的政策决策需要考虑死后和活体捐献之间的相互作用.
- 需要进一步的研究,以优化器官采购策略,平衡已故和活体供体来源.
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