结核病的风险和后果及其预防在移民中的成本效益分析:系统性审查
S D Robayo1, C M Tansey2, K Romanowski3,4
1Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
IJTLD open
|October 15, 2025
概括
外国出生的人口不成比例地患有结核病. 本综述强调了结核病预防治疗 (TPT) 计划的成本效益分析中的各种方法,这些方法影响了移民的健康结果.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
背景情况:
- 在低结核病发病率国家的外国出生人口面临着不成比例的结核病负担.
- 对移民结核病预防治疗 (TPT) 的成本效益分析产生了相互矛盾的结果.
- 需要进行系统审查,以评估如何评估结核病和TPT风险/后果.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查评估移民结核病预防治疗 (TPT) 的研究.
- 检查考虑结核病和TPT的风险和对健康实用性的影响.
- 在成本效益分析中综合质量调整寿命年 (QALYs) 的发现.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed和Embase (2004-2025) 的系统文献搜索.
- 包括测量移民中TPT的健康效用 (QALYs) 的建模研究.
- 叙述综合分析结核病和TPT风险对健康效益的影响.
主要成果:
- 14项研究符合5142个记录中的纳入标准.
- 据估计,TPT的主要不良事件 (AEs) 的风险为0-6%,平均无效率为0.017 QALYs.
- 结核病每年造成的失效率从0.04到0.2 QALY (平均值为0.11) 之间.
结论:
- 研究如何评估TPT和结核病风险和后果存在显著差异.
- 不一致的方法影响了TPT计划的成本效益分析的可靠性.
- 需要进一步的标准化来评估TPT在移民群体中的有效性.
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