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利用基因组分析来改善泌尿器癌的治疗结果

Eun-Mi Yu¹, Laura Linville^1,2, Min Woo Hwang³

¹GU Oncology, Inova Schar Cancer Institute, Fairfax, VA, USA.

Expert review of anticancer therapy

|October 15, 2025

概括

基因组分析通过识别针对性治疗的生物标志物来改变尿癌 (UC) 护理. 虽然常规使用正在扩大,但循环瘤DNA (ctDNA) 对UC的未来监测和治疗指导有希望.

科学领域:

在瘤学瘤学.
遗传学是一个遗传学.
分子生物学分子生物学

背景情况:

基因组分析显著提高了对尿路细胞癌 (UC) 的理解和管理.
它有助于识别分子亚型和可操作突变,这对于UC个性化治疗策略至关重要.
这包括在肌肉侵入性膀癌 (MIBC) 和转移性UC中的应用.

研究的目的:

审查基因组分析在UC管理中的整合.
讨论潜在的预后和预测生物标志物.
概述UC目前的全身疗法的现状.

主要方法:

这是一个叙事和描述性的评论.
它综合了关于基因组分析,生物标志物和UC系统治疗的信息.
文献搜索和专家意见整合.

主要成果:

在UC中,常规基因组分析主要用于确认生物标志物,如针对性疗法 (例如,herdafitinib,trastuzumab deruxtecan) 的FGFR变异和HER2放大.
对PD-L1,瘤突变负担 (TMB) 和Nectin-4的测试可以告知免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 和抗体-药物联结剂 (ADC) 的使用,如恩福图马布维多丁.
循环瘤DNA (ctDNA) 是一种新兴的疾病监测和治疗指导工具,目前正在进行临床试验.

结论:

基因组分析已经改善了UC诊断和治疗选择.
目前已经确定了指导批准的向疗法和ADCs的特定生物标志物的临床实用性.
像ctDNA这样的新兴工具需要进一步验证,以便在UC管理中得到更广泛的临床采用.

关键词:

泌尿器癌症泌尿器癌症是什么基因组表达特征分析免疫疗法免疫疗法分子亚型分子亚型上部通道泌尿器癌泌尿器癌

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