转移到有发展性语言障碍的学龄儿童
Lauren S Baron1, Asiya Gul1, Annika L Schafer1
1Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, MGH Institute of Health Professions, Boston, MA.
Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR
|October 15, 2025
概括
患有发育性语言障碍 (DLD) 的儿童在转换任务时表现出较慢的处理速度,尽管与同龄人相比,他们的准确性相比较. 与事件相关的潜能表明暗示处理中的潜在差异,需要进一步调查.
科学领域:
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 语言学的语言学.
背景情况:
- 执行功能,包括转移,经常会在患有发育性语言障碍 (DLD) 的儿童中受损.
- 在DLD中评估转移能力是具有挑战性的,因为在典型任务中语言需求.
- 与事件相关的潜力 (ERP) 与行为措施相结合,可以帮助区分语言和转移效应.
研究的目的:
- 研究与典型发育 (TD) 儿童相比,DLD儿童的执行功能转移能力.
- 使用一个带有提示的设置转移范式与行为和ERP措施来评估转移.
- 探索DLD和TD组之间的cue-P3 ERP组件处理中的差异.
主要方法:
- 40名8至12岁的儿童 (20 DLD,20 TD) 接受了指导式设置转换范式的治疗.
- 在单规则和混合规则区块中收集了行为数据 (准确性,反应时间) 和ERP (cue-P3幅度/延迟).
- 在不同组和试验类型 (Switch,Stay,Single) 中进行了对比.
主要成果:
- 与DLD儿童相比,DLD儿童的反应时间较长,但与TD儿童相比,准确性相似.
- 在DLD组中,切换成本更高,表明处理时间延长.
- 虽然ERP显示了不同的模式 (单个线索的P3振幅降低,DLD中交换机线索的处理延迟),但没有达到统计学意义.
结论:
- 患有DLD的儿童比TD同龄人处理线索和响应速度更慢,尽管准确性相当.
- 电生理学数据表明DLD中暗示处理的潜在差异,需要进一步研究.
- 该研究强调了结合行为和ERP措施的实用性,以了解DLD中的执行功能.
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