来自哈萨克斯坦东部的古老基因组揭示了内欧亚狩猎采集者的动态遗传
Haechan Gill1,2, Madina Seidualy3,4,5, Juhyeon Lee1,2
1School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
Science advances
|October 15, 2025
概括
古代基因组揭示了史前内亚狩猎采集者的遗传历史. 哈萨克斯坦早期新石器和青铜时代的人口显示出不同的遗传特征和混合模式.
科学领域:
- 古代DNA分析 古代DNA分析
- 人口遗传学 人口遗传学
- 考古遗传学 考古遗传学
背景情况:
- 有限的古代基因组数据阻碍了对内亚史前人口的理解,特别是在哈萨克斯坦东部.
- 该地区是欧亚草原与内亚山林相遇的地方,对于了解人口动态至关重要.
- 之前的研究还没有完全阐明该地区狩猎采集者和牧民群体的遗传风景.
研究的目的:
- 重建早期新石器时代狩猎采集者和中后青铜时代牧民在哈萨克斯坦东部的遗传历史.
- 研究史前内亚人口结构,关系和混合事件.
- 了解古代狩猎采集者对后来的牧民社会遗传的遗传.
主要方法:
- 来自科肯遗址的两名早期新石器时代的狩猎采集者和19名中后青铜时代牧民的全基因组古代DNA测序.
- 使用种群遗传学方法分析遗传资料和种群亲和关系.
- 与欧亚大陆的现有古老和现代基因组数据集进行比较.
主要成果:
- 两个早期新石器时代的个体,与二度亲属有关,表现出不同的遗传特征.
- 早期新石器时代的个体与伊尔蒂什地区的后期新石器时代人口最相似.
- 中后青铜时代的牧民与其他草原牧民具有遗传相似性,有证据表明他们与当地狩猎采集者混合.
结论:
- 史前亚洲内陆的狩猎采集者群体表现出由地理因素影响的动态结构.
- 哈萨克斯坦东部早期新石器时代群体的遗传构成与附近地区的当代群体有所不同.
- 涉及当地狩猎采集者的混合事件塑造了该地区青铜时代牧民人口的遗传景观.
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