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在马里,大规模向婴儿注射阿齐思罗米,以减少死亡率
Fadima Cheick Haidara1, Laura Adubra2, Mahamadou Abdou3
1Center for Vaccine Development-Mali, Bamako.
The New England journal of medicine
|October 15, 2025
概括
在马里,向婴儿大规模给予阿齐思罗米并没有降低死亡率. 该研究发现,无论治疗频率如何,阿齐思罗米辛和安慰剂组之间婴儿或儿童死亡率没有显著差异.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
背景情况:
- 对1-59个月龄的儿童进行大规模的阿齐思罗米辛注射,此前已经减少了撒哈拉以南非洲的死亡率.
- 以前的研究结果表明,最大的影响是治疗后3个月内12个月以下的婴儿.
- 这一观察促使一项试验进一步调查阿齐思罗米对婴儿死亡率的影响.
研究的目的:
- 评估大规模阿齐思罗米辛的有效性,以减少马里的婴儿和儿童死亡率.
- 为了比较每年两次与季度一次的阿齐思罗米辛分发与安慰剂对照的影响.
- 评估特定于1至11个月龄的婴儿的死亡率.
主要方法:
- 一项随机试验涉及马里1151个村庄,将他们分配给安慰剂,每年两次服用阿兹罗迈辛或每季度服用阿兹罗迈辛的组.
- 1至11个月的婴儿每3个月接受阿齐思罗密 (20毫克/公斤) 或安慰剂.
- 主要结局是符合条件后3个月内死亡,使用治疗意图原则进行分析.
主要成果:
- 与安慰剂组相比,在阿齐思罗米组中没有观察到显著的死亡率降低.
- 每1000人/年的死亡率为11.9 (对照组),11.8 (每年两次服用阿兹罗米辛) 和11.3 (每季度服用阿兹罗米辛).
- 不良事件很少发生,在所有组中分布相似;老年儿童 (12-59个月) 的死亡率也相似.
结论:
- 在马里,仅限于1至11个月龄的婴儿群体服用阿兹罗米辛,并没有降低婴儿或儿童总体死亡率.
- 与安慰剂相比,每年两次或每季度一次的阿兹罗米辛治疗都没有显示出死亡率的好处.
- 这些发现表明,在这种特定的背景下,针对性的大规模阿齐思罗米辛分发可能无法有效降低死亡率.
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