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倾听需求对轮流流程的影响:研究轮流预测和口头响应计划
Ruth E Corps1, Muzna Shehzad2, Andrew I McLaren2
1School of Psychology, University of Sheffield, 219 Portobello, Broomhall, Sheffield, S1 4DP, UK.
Acta psychologica
|October 15, 2025
概括
听力损失的老年人依靠语音可预测性来改善轮流,特别是在低需求的听力环境中. 这有助于缓冲对话轮流延迟.
科学领域:
- 认知科学 认知科学
- 听力学 听力学是指听力学.
- 语言学的语言学.
背景情况:
- 对话轮流对流的沟通至关重要.
- 听力损失的老年人经常表现出延迟和可变的轮番.
- 这可能源于与处理退化语音相关的认知负载增加.
研究的目的:
- 调查听力损失和听力需求如何影响转折预测和口头响应规划.
- 了解语义可预测性在促进这些过程中的作用.
主要方法:
- 开发了一种新的"倾听-响应"任务,评估转折预测和响应计划.
- 将正常听力的年轻人与正常听力 (PwNH) 和听力损失 (PwHL) 的老年人进行比较.
- 通过改变PwHL的语音可理解性来操纵听力需求.
主要成果:
- 所有参与者都对可预测的转做出了更快的反应,而不是不可预测的转.
- 听力损失的老年人 (PwHL) 在听力需求低的情况下表现出更好的可预测性效应.
- 在高听力需求的情况下,PwHL没有显示出预测益处,但与PwNH相比,延迟了口头响应的产生.
结论:
- 内容可预测性在一个倾听-响应范式下,有助于转向预测和响应规划.
- 听力损失导致在听力需求低的情况下更多地依赖可预测性.
- 高听力需求,加上听力损失,损害了响应计划,可能解释了轮番延迟.
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