健康儿童和青少年最大呼吸压的参考方程
Margarita Barral-Fernández1, María Amalia Jácome Pumar2, Sonia Souto-Camba3
1Faculty of Physiotherapy, University of A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain.
Archivos de bronconeumologia
|October 15, 2025
概括
这项研究开发了欧洲儿童最大呼吸压力 (PImax/PEmax) 的新参考方程. 这些方程和已确定的切线有助于识别年轻人呼吸肌肉的弱点.
科学领域:
- 儿科肺病学 儿科肺病学
- 呼吸系统生理学 呼吸系统生理学
- 临床生物力学 临床生物力学
背景情况:
- 最大呼吸压力是呼吸肌肉强度的关键指标.
- 在欧洲儿童中,呼吸道肌肉衰弱的参考方程和切线缺乏.
- 对于早期识别和干预,需要准确的评估工具.
研究的目的:
- 在健康的欧洲儿童中创建最大吸气和呼气压力 (PImax/PEmax) 的性别特定参考方程.
- 建立客观的,特定于年龄和性别的切断界限来定义呼吸道肌肉衰弱.
- 为临床使用和研究提供规范性数据.
主要方法:
- 一项多中心的横截面研究,涉及西班牙14个中心的513名6-18岁的健康儿童.
- 使用标准化方法测量最大呼吸压力 (PImax/PEmax).
- 通过多重线性回归推导的参考方程;使用Z分数 (≥1.645 SD低于平均值) 确定弱点切线.
主要成果:
- 开发了PImax和PEmax的性别特定参考方程,包括年龄和体重指数 (BMI).
- 建立了特定于年龄和性别的呼吸道肌肉疲弱的截止值,在男孩中显示出更高的值,并且随着年龄的增长而增加.
- PImax截止值在45-85cmH2O之间;PEmax截止值在54-98cmH2O之间,根据性别和年龄而异.
结论:
- 这项研究提供了欧洲儿童和青少年规范PImax/PEmax值的最大数据集.
- 新的参考方程和特定年龄的切断值有助于识别呼吸道肌肉衰弱.
- 这些发现支持临床评估和针对儿科患者的有针对性的呼吸训练计划.
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