在COVID后的嗅觉功能障碍中,杏仁体的改变
Divesh Thaploo1, Lars-Patrick Schmill2, Naomi Behrend3
1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Smell & Taste Clinic, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
Scientific reports
|October 15, 2025
概括
持续的COVID后嗅觉功能障碍与嗅觉区域的大脑变化有关,特别是杏仁体. 这些变化也可能与受影响个体的抑郁和焦虑增加有关.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 医疗成像医学成像
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 嗅觉功能障碍 (OD) 是一种常见的COVID-19症状,通常是短暂的,但有时是持久的.
- 中枢神经系统的参与越来越多地与COVID后持续的OD有关.
- 了解持续性OD的神经基础至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 通过扩散张力成像 (DTI) 来研究嗅觉处理区域的白质完整性.
- 为了比较COVID后持续性OD患者与对照者的大脑结构连接.
- 探索大脑变化,过量饮食和心理症状之间的潜在联系.
主要方法:
- 扩散张力成像 (DTI) MRI 用于61名参与者 (31名COVID后OD,30名对照).
- 应用了基于兴趣地区 (ROI) 的分析和语音统计数据.
- 在与嗅觉相关的大脑区域测量了微分异型性 (FA) 和辐射扩散性 (RD).
主要成果:
- 在COVID后的OD组中,左桃体的FA更高,右桃体的RD更高.
- 持久性OD患者报告了更高的抑郁和焦虑得分.
- 嗅觉相关的大脑区域 (杏仁体,皮质,皮质皮质) 显示与心理评分的关联.
结论:
- 持续的COVID后OD与嗅觉大脑区域白质完整性的改变有关.
- 杏仁体内髓化或轴突直径的变化可能是持续性OD的基础.
- 在COVID后持续的OD,抑郁和焦虑之间存在潜在的相互关系,需要进一步调查.
相关概念视频
Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure
11.2K
The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...
11.2K
Role of Amygdala in Memory
1.1K
The amygdala is a small, almond-shaped structure responsible for processing and storing memories, particularly those linked to emotions like fear and stress. It plays an essential role in the brain's response to emotionally significant events and often enhances memory formation by triggering stress hormone release. The amygdala is vital for encoding and retrieving memories associated with fear or stress, a process that is adaptive by helping organisms avoid dangerous situations.
One of the...
One of the...
1.1K
Olfaction
48.1K
The sense of smell is achieved through the activities of the olfactory system. It starts when an airborne odorant enters the nasal cavity and reaches olfactory epithelium (OE). The OE is protected by a thin layer of mucus, which also serves the purpose of dissolving more complex compounds into simpler chemical odorants. The size of the OE and the density of sensory neurons varies among species; in humans, the OE is only about 9-10 cm2.
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...
48.1K
Functional Brain Systems: Limbic System
6.5K
The limbic system, often called the "emotional brain," is a complex set of structures located deep within the brain. The intricate network of the limbic system supports a wide range of psychological functions, from emotional regulation to memory formation and sensory processing. This functional brain region encompasses specific parts of the diencephalon and the cerebrum, integrating the higher mental functions of the cerebral cortex with the primitive emotional responses of the deep brain...
6.5K
Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway
12.3K
Humans detect odors with the help of specialized cells located in the upper part of the nasal cavity, called olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). ORNs possess hair-like structures called cilia, which are receptive to sensations from the inhaled air. When an odorant molecule binds to a specific receptor on the cell of the cilia, it leads to a series of events that ultimately cause the ORN to send electrical signals to the olfactory bulb in the brain through the olfactory nerves.
The olfactory...
The olfactory...
12.3K
Post-traumatic Stress Disorder
482
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric condition that arises following exposure to traumatic events such as natural disasters, forced displacement, or severe accidents. It significantly impairs individuals' ability to cope with daily activities and disrupts their emotional and psychological equilibrium.
Symptoms and Behavioral Manifestations
A spectrum of distressing symptoms characterizes PTSD. Recurrent flashbacks, where individuals involuntarily relive traumatic events,...
Symptoms and Behavioral Manifestations
A spectrum of distressing symptoms characterizes PTSD. Recurrent flashbacks, where individuals involuntarily relive traumatic events,...
482


