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对LPBF和常规加工的M300钢的可加工性和微观结构进行比较分析
Stepan Kolomy1, Martin Slany2, Marek Doubrava3
1Institute of Manufacturing Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2896/2, 616 69, Brno, Czech Republic.
Scientific reports
|October 15, 2025
概括
热处理显著影响激光粉末床化马拉加钢的可加工性. 直接老化增加了硬度和磨削力,但改善了表面粗性和地下硬化.
科学领域:
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 制造业 工程 制造工程
- 金工业是金工业的一个方面.
背景情况:
- 激光粉床融合 (LPBF) 是生产金属组件的关键增材制造技术.
- 热处理和加工是LPBF零件的重要后加工步骤.
- 了解微观结构与可加工性之间的关系对于优化组件性能至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究微观结构对LPBF生产的M300钢 (MS) 的可加工性的影响.
- 评估热处理对硬度,力,表面完整性和地下微观结构的影响.
- 为了比较LPBF MS M300的可加工性与传统制造的制MS M300的可加工性.
主要方法:
- 采用LPBF和常规制制造的M300零件采用了马拉钢.
- 样品经过直接老化热处理.
- 通过硬度测试,力测量,表面形态和粗性分析,芯片形成观察和地下微观结构检查来评估可加工性.
- 切割速度有所变化,包括高达60米/分钟的速度.
主要成果:
- 直接老化的LPBF MS M300,包括马氏体与沉物和反向奥氏体,表现出最高的磨削力.
- 尽管有更高的力和严重的工具磨损,但这种情况导致表面粗度较低,与原样样相比,由于硬度增加,表面粗度较低.
- 在直接老化的LPBF样本中,表面下硬度增加了24% (900 HV),而在制样本中则增加了9%.
- 造引发了压力硬化到大约40微米深度,在更高的切割速度下,效果更为明显.
结论:
- 热处理,特别是直接老化,显著改变了LPBF钢的微观结构,并提高了钢的硬度.
- 虽然增加了削力,但这种微观结构的改造提高了表面粗度,并诱导了大量的地下硬化.
- 这些发现为优化增材制造的钢部件的加工策略提供了关键的见解.
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