老年人相对肌肉功率丧失的变化和主要决定因素:来自8年纵向研究的结果
Ivan Baltasar-Fernandez1,2,3,4,5, Julian Alcazar1,3,4,5, Alba Gómez-Cabello4,6,7,8
1GENUD Toledo Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain.
European journal of applied physiology
|October 15, 2025
概括
相对的坐立能力随着年龄的增长而下降,特别是在老年男性中. 这种下降主要是由于特定功率下降,腿部肌肉质量损失起到较小的作用. 药物治疗和久坐不动的习惯可能会加速这种下降.
科学领域:
- 老年学和运动生理学
- 衰老研究研究 衰老研究
- 生物机械分析 生物机械分析
背景情况:
- 衰老与身体功能下降有关,影响老年人的移动性和独立性.
- 坐立 (STS) 功率是下半身力量和功能能力的关键指标.
- 了解STS功率及其决定因素的纵向变化对于开发有针对性的干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估8年来老年人的相对坐立能力 (STS) 的纵向变化.
- 确定导致相对STS功率下降的因素,包括身体组成和生活方式因素.
- 调查STSpower下降的速度和原因中的潜在性别差异.
主要方法:
- 长度研究涉及565名老年人 (≥65岁),在基线和8年后进行评估.
- 使用30秒STS测试和阿尔卡萨尔方程估计的相对STS功率.
- 通过生物电阻分析评估身体组成 (腿部肌肉质量,脂肪质量,无脂肪质量);记录药物摄入量和日常活动 (走路,坐着).
主要成果:
- 在两性中都观察到相对STSpower的显著下降,男性比女性 (8.0%) 减少更大 (11.8%).
- 与年轻的老年人相比,在75岁以上的个体中观察到加速下降.
- 具体STS功率的减少占下降的~95%,腿部肌肉质量损失贡献了~5%.
- 药物摄入与女性 (OR=1.87) 的功率下降风险增加有关,并显示出男性 (OR=2.58) 的趋势.
- 久坐不动的时间显示,女性的功率下降风险增加趋势 (OR=1.73).
结论:
- 相对的STS力量随着年龄的增长而逐渐下降,在老年男性和女性之间观察到不同的模式.
- STSpower下降的主要驱动因素是减少特定的STSpower,肌肉质量损失是次要因素.
- 药物使用和久坐不动的行为可能会对老年人,特别是女性的能量维持产生负面影响.
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