中国公共卫生人力资源公平分配的决定因素:使用RIF-I-OLS分解的多维分析
Hao Wang1, Guoliang Ma2, Hui Lu3
1Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Human resources for health
|October 15, 2025
概括
中国的公共卫生劳动力分配在2018-2019年增加了不平等,但到2022年有所改善. 政府支出和制度问题等结构因素继续推动公共卫生人力资源分配的差异.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 健康劳动力研究 卫生劳动力研究
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
背景情况:
- 中国的快速经济发展和城市化导致公共卫生人力资源 (PHHR) 的分配差异.
- 现有的研究往往使用静态测量,限制了对这些不平等背后的机制的理解.
研究的目的:
- 系统地识别和量化中国PHHR分配的决定因素.
- 为旨在优化劳动力分布的政策干预提供经验证据.
主要方法:
- 用基尼,CI,AGini和ACI不平等指数分析中国31个省份 (2018-2022) 的PHHR分配情况.
- 应用双向ANOVA,双变量相关性和RIF-I-OLS方法来评估时间/区域变化并分解不平等.
- 包括诸如文盲率,政府卫生支出,专业公共卫生机构 (PPHI) 的数量,传染病死亡率和预期寿命等因素.
主要成果:
- 从2018-2019年开始,PHHR分配的不平等性有所增加,但从2019-2022年开始,它有所改善.
- 缓解不平等的因素包括更多的PPHI,较低的传染病死亡率和更长的预期寿命.
- 加剧不平等的因素包括较低的文盲率和政府医疗支出增加.
结论:
- 尽管PHHR分配公平性有所改善,但结构性和机构因素仍然是不平等的主要驱动因素.
- 需要有针对性的政策来解决这些结构和制度决定因素,以优化公共卫生工作人员的分布.
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