关于遥感和人工智能集成的全面审查:进展,应用和挑战
Nikolay Kazanskiy1, Roman Khabibullin1, Artem Nikonorov1
1Samara National Research University, Samara 443086, Russia.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 16, 2025
概括
遥感 (RS) 和人工智能 (AI) 的整合自动化了地球观测. 本次调查探讨了增强环境监测RS数据分析的AI方法,同时指出了一般化和伦理等挑战.
科学领域:
- 地球科学 地球科学 地球科学
- 计算机科学 计算机科学
- 人工智能的人工智能
背景情况:
- 遥感 (RS) 通过卫星图像和传感器提供了大量的环境数据.
- 人工智能 (AI),特别是机器学习 (ML) 和深度学习 (DL),对于处理复杂的RS数据集至关重要.
- 人工智能增强了环境监测,应对灾害,农业和城市规划方面的能力.
研究的目的:
- 提供关于RS和AI整合近期进展的全面调查.
- 突出这些领域交集的关键方法,应用和挑战.
- 讨论人工智能驱动地球观测的未来研究方向.
主要方法:
- 审查人工智能算法,包括卷积神经网络 (CNN),循环神经网络 (RNN) 和强化学习 (RL).
- 在特征提取,分类,异常检测和RS数据预测建模方面分析AI应用.
- 检查诸如模型概括,可解释性,数据异质性和道德考虑等挑战.
主要成果:
- 人工智能显著提高了RS数据分析的自动化,效率和精度.
- 人工智能模型在解释复杂的环境数据集方面表现强.
- 在地球观测中,人工智能驱动的决策存在重大机遇.
结论:
- 人工智能驱动的RS为全球范围的环境监测和管理提供了变革性的潜力.
- 解决模型概括,可解释性和伦理方面的挑战对于未来的进步至关重要.
- 未来的研究应该专注于多式联网学习和实时人工智能部署,以加强地球观测.
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