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在莫桑比克偏远农村地区对LoRaWAN连接可靠性的实验评估

Nelson José Chapungo¹, Octavian Postolache¹

¹Instituto de Telecomunicações-IUL (IT-IUL), ISCTE-Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, 1649-026 Lisbon, Portugal.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

|October 16, 2025

概括

这项研究评估了莫桑比克农村的远程广域网 (LoRaWAN). LoRaWAN在遥感方面被证明是可靠的,性能受到距离和高度的影响,但对于数字包容仍然可行.

科学领域:

无线通信网络是无线通信网络.
物联网 (IoT) 的物联网 (IoT) 的物联网.
农村技术的部署农村技术的部署

背景情况:

洛拉万 (Long Range Wide Area Network) 提供了一个低成本,低功耗的远程传感解决方案.
农村地区往往缺乏必要的电信和电力基础设施,这带来了独特的部署挑战.
评估LoRaWAN在这种断开环境中的可行性对于扩大数字包容性至关重要.

研究的目的:

在莫桑比克农村地区实验评估LoRaWAN部署的连接可靠性.
分析距离和相对高度对LoRaWAN性能的影响.
确定LoRaWAN在具有挑战性的基础设施稀缺地区的遥感应用中的可行性.

主要方法:

实地测试使用基于Arduino的LoRaWAN节点和在莫桑比克农村环境中的网关进行.
数据收集涉及测量接收信号强度指标 (RSSI),信号噪声比 (SNR) 和数据包传输速率 (PDR) 在各种距离和高度.
测试使用了基本的硬件,包括2dBi天线和电源库,没有GPS或蜂连接.

主要成果:

通过RSSI,SNR和PDR测量的连接性能受到节点和网关之间的距离和相对高度的显著影响.
当端节点与网关相比处于较低的高度时,观察到性能下降.
尽管存在运营限制,但LoRaWAN网络实现了超过89%的数据包交付率 (PDR),并自主运行超过24小时.

结论:

洛拉万是农村连接的可行和可扩展的选择,即使是基本的硬件和具有挑战性的环境.
网关在高地上的战略位置可以大大提高网络覆盖率和可靠性.
这些发现支持将LoRaWAN用于国家数字化包容性倡议以及未来在服务不足地区部署低功率广域网 (LPWAN).

关键词:

洛拉旺人洛拉旺人莫桑比克莫桑比克的莫桑比克是一个国家.连接性可靠性连接性可靠性低功耗通讯低功耗的通讯方式农村物联网农村物联网无线传感器网络是无线传感器网络.

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