GA-YOLOv11:一个轻量级的地铁外来物体检测模型,基于改进的YOLOv11
Ning Guo1, Min Huang1,2, Wensheng Wang1,2
1Mechanical Electrical Engineering School, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100192, China.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 16, 2025
概括
一个新的轻量级深度学习模型,GA-YOLOv11,改善了地铁平台上的异物检测. 这种先进的系统可以减少错误的阳性和阴性,通过最大限度地降低被困风险来提高乘客安全.
科学领域:
- 计算机视觉 计算机视觉
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 运输安全运输安全
背景情况:
- 地铁平台屏幕门提高了安全性,但留下了乘客或物体可能被困的空隙.
- 现有的外来物体入侵检测算法存在高计算复杂性和参数数量问题.
- 在目前的系统中,小物体检测容易产生假阳性和假阴性.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种轻量级的深度学习模型,用于检测地铁平台间隙中的外来物体.
- 解决现有算法的局限性,包括小物体的计算负载和检测精度.
- 通过尽量减少与平台屏幕门和火车门之间的差距相关的风险,提高地铁平台的安全性.
主要方法:
- 在骨干网络中引入了一个轻量级的GhostConv卷积模块,以减少计算资源浪费.
- 将GAM注意力机制纳入头部网络,以增强特征区分和精确的对象识别.
- 使用YOLOv11n架构作为GA-YOLOv11模型的基础.
主要成果:
- 与原来的YOLOv11n.相比,GA-YOLOv11模型在精度方面实现了3.3%,回忆方面3.2%,mAP@0.5方面1.2%和mAP@0.5:0.95方面3.5%的改进.
- 将参数数量减少了18%,GFLOPs减少了7.9%,同时保持了相同的模型大小.
- 展示了一种更轻量级的模型,确保了外来物体检测的实时性能和准确性.
结论:
- GA-YOLOv11模型提供了一个轻量级且准确的解决方案,用于在地铁平台间隙中检测异物.
- 整合GhostConv和GAM注意力机制显著提高了检测能力,并减少了计算负载.
- 拟议的模型通过有效地识别平台间隙中的潜在危险,有助于提高地铁安全.
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