一种混合群优化和动态窗口方法,用于USV实时导航
Yuquan Xue1, Liming Wang1, Bi He2
1School of Electrical Engineering, Naval University of Engineering, Wuhan 430033, China.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 16, 2025
概括
本研究介绍了一种混合路径规划方法,用于使用改进的殖民地优化 (ACO) 和动态窗口方法 (DWA) 的无人驾驶地面车辆 (USV),以实现更安全的海上航行.
科学领域:
- 机器人技术和自主系统
- 海上航行和海上航行控制
- 人工智能和优化的优化
背景情况:
- 无人驾驶地面车辆 (USV) 需要强大的感知和路径规划,以便在复杂的海上环境中安全导航.
- 传统的殖民地优化 (ACO) 和动态窗口方法 (DWA) 在混乱的水域有局限性,包括过早的融合和局部最小值.
- 现有的方法难以实时适应动态障碍,并确保轨迹的平稳.
研究的目的:
- 通过将改进的ACO与改进的DWA结合起来,开发针对USV的面向传感器的混合路径规划方法.
- 解决独立ACO和DWA在融合,适应和避免障碍方面存在的局限性.
- 增强在动态的海上环境中对USVs的实时避免碰撞和导航效率.
主要方法:
- 这是一种混合方法,它结合了改进的殖民地优化 (ACO) 来进行全球路线规划,以及改进的动态窗口方法 (DWA) 来避免局部障碍.
- ACO结合了路径长度,障碍清除和轨迹平滑度的启发式,具有适应性时间表和多样性恢复机制.
- 基于USV动力学,DWA被重新设计,使用传感器衍生障碍数据集成速度适应性,轨道平滑性和目标偏差.
主要成果:
- 拟议的混合方法在模拟中明显优于独立的ACO和DWA.
- 与传统方法相比,实现了更短的路径,更快的融合和更顺的轨迹.
- 证明了在避免动态障碍的成功率更高,并提高了安全边际.
结论:
- 面向传感器的混合方法为复杂的海上环境中的实时USV导航和避免碰撞提供了一个有希望的解决方案.
- 全球和地方规划策略的结合有效地解决了个别算法的局限性.
- 这种方法提高了自主航行业务的安全性和效率.
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