在心电图中检测心脏声数据利用数据增强和人工智能
Melissa Valaee1, Shahram Shirani2
1Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada.
Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 16, 2025
概括
这项研究介绍了一种人工智能模型,用于使用Mel光谱图和视觉变压器早期检测心脏声. 人工智能模型显著提高了心血管疾病查的诊断准确性和效率.
科学领域:
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 医学诊断 医学诊断 医学诊断
背景情况:
- 心血管疾病是全球死亡的主要原因,需要早期检测.
- 心脏听觉是识别心脏声的主要方法,表明心脏疾病.
- 目前的诊断方法可以提高准确性和效率.
研究的目的:
- 开发和评估一个人工智能模型,以简化心脏听觉.
- 为了提高心脏声检测的准确性和效率.
- 支持对心血管疾病的早期诊断.
主要方法:
- 利用了2022年PhysioNet心脏声音分类挑战中的心声录像记录.
- 将音频数据处理成Mel光谱图并输入到预先训练的视觉变压器和MiniROCKET模型中.
- 应用了数据增强,将数据集从928个扩展到14848个光谱.
主要成果:
- 与现有方法相比,人工智能模型展示了优越的质量评估指标 (权重准确度,灵敏度,F-Score).
- 实现了每名患者0.02秒的快速评估速度.
- 显著提高了心脏声检测的诊断性能.
结论:
- 人工智能模型可以补充医生对心脏声的诊断.
- 有助于早期发现心血管疾病.
- 为临床使用提供了更大的可扩展性和适应性.
相关概念视频
01:25Cardiovascular System Abnormal Findings II: Auscultation
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Auscultation, an essential part of a heart examination, is done using a stethoscope. It provides crucial information about heart function and possible heart problems. Due to heart problems, abnormal sounds can be heard during systole or diastole. These sounds include S3 and S4 gallops, opening snaps, systolic clicks, and murmurs.
Abnormal Heart Sounds
Gallops:
Abnormal Heart Sounds
Gallops:
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01:15Heart Sounds
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Heart sounds are generated by the turbulence in blood flow due to the closing of heart valves. These sounds are best perceived slightly away from the valves, where the blood flow disseminates the sound.
Auscultation is the process of listening to these internal body sounds using a stethoscope. The heart produces four types of sounds, but only two—S1 and S2—can usually be heard with a stethoscope.
S1, also known as the "lub" sound, is caused by the closure of atrioventricular (A-V)...
Auscultation is the process of listening to these internal body sounds using a stethoscope. The heart produces four types of sounds, but only two—S1 and S2—can usually be heard with a stethoscope.
S1, also known as the "lub" sound, is caused by the closure of atrioventricular (A-V)...
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01:30Equipments Used To Measure Blood Pressure
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Direct Method
This invasive approach involves cannulating a peripheral artery. During each cardiac contraction, pressure generates mechanical motion within the catheter, transmitted through rigid, fluid-filled tubing to a transducer. This transducer converts mechanical motion into electrical signals displayed as waveforms on a monitor. An automatic flushing system prevents blood backflow. Due to the potential risk of unexpected arterial blood loss, this method is primarily used in intensive...
This invasive approach involves cannulating a peripheral artery. During each cardiac contraction, pressure generates mechanical motion within the catheter, transmitted through rigid, fluid-filled tubing to a transducer. This transducer converts mechanical motion into electrical signals displayed as waveforms on a monitor. An automatic flushing system prevents blood backflow. Due to the potential risk of unexpected arterial blood loss, this method is primarily used in intensive...
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01:25Assessment of the Cardiovascular System IV: Auscultation
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Cardiac auscultation is a clinical skill used to assess heart function and detect abnormalities. It involves listening to heart sounds at specific anatomical locations through a stethoscope.
Normal Heart Sounds
S1 (First Heart Sound)-
S1 is made by the closure of the mitral and tricuspid valves (atrioventricular valves), marking the beginning of systole.
S2 (Second Heart Sound)-
S2 is made by the closure of the aortic and pulmonic valves (semilunar valves), marking the end of the systole.
Normal Heart Sounds
S1 (First Heart Sound)-
S1 is made by the closure of the mitral and tricuspid valves (atrioventricular valves), marking the beginning of systole.
S2 (Second Heart Sound)-
S2 is made by the closure of the aortic and pulmonic valves (semilunar valves), marking the end of the systole.
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01:22Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests
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Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) occurs when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow backward from the aorta into the left ventricle. This backflow can result in two distinct clinical presentations: acute and chronic AR, each characterized by its own set of symptoms and physical findings.Acute Aortic RegurgitationAcute AR presents with a sudden onset of severe symptoms. Patients typically experience profound dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and signs of left...
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01:30Pulse rhythm
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Pulse rhythm refers to the pattern of pulsations within specific intervals, offering valuable insights into the regularity or irregularity of the heart's beats as observed through the pattern of pulsation within specific intervals. A regular pulse exhibits a consistent heart rate with uniform waveforms and pulsation force, variations of which can be classified as normal, weak, or bounding.
Conversely, an irregular pulse pattern is termed dysrhythmia, stemming from disruptions in cardiac...
Conversely, an irregular pulse pattern is termed dysrhythmia, stemming from disruptions in cardiac...
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