家禽养殖场的效率:基于随机边界方法和面板数据的动态分析
Maria Bonaventura Forleo1, Paola Di Renzo1, Luca Romagnoli1
1Department of Economics, University of Molise, Via De Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy.
Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
|October 16, 2025
概括
这项研究评估了意大利 2019-2022 年的家禽养殖场效率,以应对 COVID-19 和禽流感. 拥有更多劳动力和土地的大型农场,尽管成本上升,但技术效率有所提高.
科学领域:
- 农业经济学 农业经济学
- 农场管理 农场管理
- 提高生产效率 提高生产效率
背景情况:
- 欧盟 (EU) 家禽生产在全球范围内具有重要意义,意大利是主要贡献者.
- 意大利的家禽养殖场面临着前所未有的经济挑战,原因是COVID-19大流行和禽流感在2019年至2022年期间同时爆发.
- 了解农场一级的技术效率对于驾这些复杂的操作环境至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在2019-2022年期间调查意大利家禽养殖场的技术效率.
- 分析农场如何利用投入,考虑到可控制的管理因素和无法控制的外源冲击.
- 确定影响农场特定技术低效率的关键决定因素.
主要方法:
- 数据来源于意大利农场的RICA (欧盟农场会计数据网络) 数据库.
- 对收集的小组数据进行了描述性分析.
- 用一个随机边界模型来估计生产边界和特定企业的低效率因素.
主要成果:
- 料,水,燃料和电力成本被认为是相关的,并在研究期间显示出日益增加的趋势.
- 流动和资本成本对生产总价值产生了显著的积极影响.
- 增加的劳动力,农场面积和更大的农场规模 (以牲畜单位计算) 与提高的技术效率有积极的相关性.
结论:
- 农场规模,劳动力和土地捐赠是提高意大利家禽业运营技术效率的关键因素.
- 管理投入成本,特别是料和公用事业,仍然是家禽养殖场面临的主要挑战.
- 该研究提供了关于优化资源配置以改善外部冲击中农场绩效的见解.
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