代谢功能障碍相关的脂肪肝疾病中的饮食和生活方式干预:综合性审查
Muhammad Y Sheikh1, Muhammad F Younus1, Annie Shergill1
1Fresno Clinical Research Center, Fresno, CA 93720, USA.
International journal of molecular sciences
|October 16, 2025
概括
包括饮食和运动在内的生活方式干预措施对于管理代谢功能障碍相关的脂肪性肝病 (MASLD) 和其渐进形式MASH至关重要. 实现显著的减肥和采用健康的习惯可以减缓疾病的进展,改善肝脏的健康.
科学领域:
- 肝病学和代谢疾病
- 营养科学和运动生理学
背景情况:
- 与代谢功能障碍相关的脂肪性肝病 (MASLD) 和与代谢功能障碍相关的脂肪性肝炎 (MASH) 是全球慢性肝病的主要原因.
- 这些情况与肝硬化,肝细胞癌和心血管并发症的增加率有关.
- 病原发生涉及饮食,生活方式,胰岛素耐药性,脂肪功能障碍和肠道微生物组的改变,导致肝脏压力,炎症和纤维化.
研究的目的:
- 审查有关管理MASLD的生活方式干预措施的现有证据.
- 综合饮食,体育活动和行为策略在MASLD管理中的作用.
- 为临床医生和卫生专业人员提供实用,基于证据的建议.
主要方法:
- 关于MASLD管理的当前科学文献的全面审查.
- 分析有关巨量营养素,微量营养素,饮食模式和身体活动的证据.
- 评估辅助行为策略和多学科方法.
主要成果:
- 生活方式干预,特别是持续减肥 (≥5-10%),是MASLD管理的基石.
- 特定的饮食策略 (地中海,高蛋白,间歇性禁食) 改善胰岛素敏感性,减少肝脏脂肪.
- 运动 (有氧和抵抗) 增强了新陈代谢的灵活性,改善了肝脏和全身的结果.
结论:
- 个性化的营养和体育活动计划,结合行为支持,对于长期的MASLD管理至关重要.
- 跨学科的方法对于解决守障碍和社会经济差异至关重要.
- 基于证据的框架可以帮助减缓疾病的进展,并改善MASLD不同患者群体的治疗结果.
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