婴儿配方奶粉类型对早期儿童生长结果的影响:一项回顾性队列研究
Uzma Rani1, Roba Alwasila2, William T Story3
1Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, Division of General Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
Nutrients
|October 16, 2025
概括
与标准配方相比,非标准婴儿配方,如乳糖减少或水解类型,在婴儿的第一年显示出更高的生长z-scores. 需要进一步研究长期影响和肥胖风险.
科学领域:
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 增长和发展 增长和发展
背景情况:
- 婴儿养习惯对幼儿的生长和发育有重大影响.
- 基于牛奶的婴儿配方奶粉的成分各不相同,包括标准,低乳糖和水解类型.
- 了解这些配方对生长的不同影响对于公共卫生至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较非标准 (低乳糖,水解) 牛奶婴儿配方与标准配方对婴儿生长的影响.
- 评估哺乳婴儿的成长结果,包括非标准配方,标准配方或母乳.
- 为了确定与各种婴儿养类型相关的生长轨迹的潜在差异.
主要方法:
- 对出生时体重>2500 g的满期婴儿进行了回顾性队列研究.
- 关于婴儿配方奶粉类型和母乳养状态的数据是在2个月访问时收集的.
- 使用世卫组织标准,在12个月和24个月评估成长结果 (体重与年龄相比,长度与年龄相比,BMI,体重与长度的z-scores).
- 用于统计分析的通用线性混合模型,控制共变量.
主要成果:
- 与使用标准配方奶粉的婴儿相比,在12个月的婴儿中,接受非标准配方奶粉的婴儿的体重与年龄,BMI和体重与身长的z-score显著更高.
- 在24个月后,这些差异仍然存在于体重对年龄和BMI z-score.
- 与12个月和24个月的纯母乳养婴儿相比,非标准和标准配方组在多种生长参数上显示出明显更高的z-score.
结论:
- 非标准婴儿配方可能会影响婴儿的成长不同于标准配方,特别是在生命的第一年.
- 这些发现表明,对增长轨迹的潜在影响需要进一步调查.
- 与非标准配方使用相关的长期健康影响和肥胖风险需要进一步研究.
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