复合生物控制剂 (BCA) 的构建:开发有效的策略来控制果中收获后的蓝色菌和帕图林
Longmei Cong1, Limei Li1, Qian Zhang1
1College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China.
Foods (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 16, 2025
概括
一种新的酵母生物控制剂 (BCA) 能够有效地控制果蓝菌引起的Penicillium expansum,并降解有害的病原蛋白. 这种环保配方为收获后水果保护和食品安全提供了有希望的解决方案.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 食品科学 食品科学 食品科学
背景情况:
- 果中采摘后的蓝色菌是由Penicillium expansum引起的,导致严重的经济损失和菌素 (PAT) 污染,造成健康风险.
- 目前的控制方法通常涉及合成化学品,引发了对环境影响和残留物的担忧.
- 开发有效和环保的生物控制剂 (BCA) 对可持续农业和食品安全至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 开发和优化一种复合生物控制剂 (BCA),使用对抗性酵母的共同培养.
- 为了评估BCA在控制Penicillium expansum和降解果和果汁中的病原蛋白 (PAT) 的有效性.
- 确定最佳的配方和储存条件,以保持BCA的生命力和生物活性.
主要方法:
- 三种对抗性酵母 (*Meyerozyma caribbica*, *Metschnikowia zizyphicola*,和 *Pichia rarassimilans*) 的共同培养,以创建一个复合BCA.
- 使用响应表面方法优化混合培养条件和保护性添加剂 (阿拉伯,Tween-80,酸).
- 在体外和体内测试以评估BCA对*P. expansum*和水果汁中PAT降解的疗效.
- 在-20°C的储存稳定性的评估.
主要成果:
- 通过特定的酵母比例和营养介质成分实现最佳生物质生产.
- 液体BCA配方表现出高可行性 (在7天后9.15 log10 CFU/mL) 和稳定性.
- 复合BCA有效地抑制了P. expansum感染,抑制了子发芽,并在24-42小时内降解了10μg/mL的PAT.
- 储存在-20°C保持高生物活性 (5个月后7.93 × 10^8 CFU/mL).
结论:
- 优化的复合酵母配方是一种高效和环保的策略,用于管理收获后的果蓝菌.
- BCA有效地减少了P. expansum*的污染,并对水果产品中的patulin进行了排毒.
- 这种方法为化学处理提供了一个可持续的替代方案,用于收获后的疾病控制和食品安全.
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