航空业的职业热相关疾病风险查协议:系统性审查
Wiaam Elkhatib1, Mohammad Alkordi2, Darshankumar Raval3
1Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
BMJ public health
|October 16, 2025
概括
由于热应激,机组人员面临与热相关疾病 (HRI) 的风险. 本次审查汇编了HRI选工具和航空安全安全门,但单一的理想方法仍然难以捉摸.
科学领域:
- 航空安全和职业健康.
- 环境生理学和风险评估.
背景情况:
- 机组人员容易受到热应激和与热有关的疾病 (HRI).
- 现有的查方法和HRI在机组人员中的安全门是有限的.
- 有效的风险分层对于航空安全决策至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估HRI风险选工具的证据,方法和指导方针.
- 为航空安全专业人员创建相关工具汇编.
- 在航空环境中建立HRI风险分层.
主要方法:
- 对HRI风险查方法的系统文献审查.
- 搜索了多个数据库,包括MEDLINE,EMBASE,科克兰图书馆和Scopus.
- 包括职业和体育队伍,不包括18岁以下的个人.
主要成果:
- 从3472个已识别的报告中,包括了37份报告.
- 常见的选方法使用湿球球体温度 (WBGT),工作负载和个人防护设备.
- 极端和高风险的WBGT值分别在27-32°C和23-31°C之间.
- 为风险评估确定了19个常见领域,但没有一个理想的方法出现.
结论:
- 本次审查旨在解决航空工人职业HRI风险查方面的知识差距.
- 局限性包括缺乏概括性和风险定义的变化.
- 发现了关于内在因素的相互矛盾的假设,强调了需要进一步研究的必要性.
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