在局部晚期直肠癌中,使用CAPOX的六个周期和四个周期的全新辅助疗法:现实世界的研究
Yan-Qin Lan1,2,3, Mu-Wang Hua4, Sheng Peng4
1Department of Medical Oncology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
International journal of cancer
|October 16, 2025
概括
与四个周期相比,CAPOX化疗加放射治疗的六个周期在全新辅助疗法 (TNT) 中显著改善了局部晚期直肠癌 (LARC) 患者的完整反应率和器官保存.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
- 手术瘤学手术瘤学
背景情况:
- 对于局部晚期直肠癌 (LARC) 的全新辅助疗法 (TNT) 中最佳的化疗周期数量仍在争论中.
- 在LARC管理中,平衡治疗疗效与器官保存和生活质量至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在接受TNT的LARC患者中,将CAPOX (CAPOX-6) 的六个周期与CAPOX (CAPOX-4) 的四个周期与放射治疗相结合的疗效和安全性进行比较.
- 评估不同CAPOX循环数对完全响应率,病理性缓解,器官保存和不良事件的影响.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及229名LARC患者的回顾性研究,从2018年1月至2024年4月接受TNT (放射治疗+CAPOX) 治疗.
- 患者被分为两个组:CAPOX-6 (n=105) 和CAPOX-4 (n=124).
- 疗效结局包括完整反应 (CR),病理完整缓解 (pCR),门保存,肠管切除率和局部切除率. 通过不良事件来评估安全性. 分析了生存数据 (DFS).
主要成果:
- 与CAPOX-4相比,CAPOX-6组的CR率 (53.3%与28.2%,p<.001) 和pCR率 (55.1%与28.3%,p<.001) 显著更高.
- CAPOX-6导致门保存率更高 (95.9% vs. 85.8%,p=.01),肠静脉切除率更低 (59.2% vs. 89.2%,p <.001),以及门外局部切除比例更高 (35.7% vs. 4.2%,p <.001).
- 在CAPOX-6组中,术后并发症的发生率较低 (12.2%对23.3%,p=.04). 虽然2年的DFS是相似的,但CR与明显较低的复发率有关. 3-4级的不良事件是相似的,尽管CAPOX-6有更多的1-2级白血病,中性病和神经毒性.
结论:
- 放射治疗加上六次CAPOX的全新辅助疗法是LARC的首选策略,增强治疗反应和器官保存.
- 六个CAPOX周期,以及EMVI负值,是LARC中实现完整反应的独立预测因素.
- 这种方法对于那些优先考虑器官保存和改善生活质量的患者来说尤其有益,尽管某些低度毒性可能会增加.
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