建筑免疫力:改变它们的巢网以防止流行病
Luke Leckie1,2,3, Mischa Sinha Andon1, Katherine Bruce1
1School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|October 16, 2025
概括
像这样的社会昆虫可以改变它们的结构以对抗疾病. 在Lasius niger中暴露病原体引发了减少疾病传播的变化,证明了结构性免疫力.
科学领域:
- 生态学
- 流行病学
- 动物的行为
背景情况:
- 动物群体的空间结构影响社会互动和疾病传播.
- 改变空间环境是缓解流行病风险的潜在策略.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查Lasius niger是否对病原体产生反应而改变结构.
- 确定这些建筑修改对疾病传播的影响.
主要方法:
- 将对照或病原体处理的个体引入Lasius niger挖巢组.
- 使用先进的成像技术监测三维形态.
- 使用模拟来分析修改后的巢结构中的疾病传播动态.
主要成果:
- 暴露于病原体导致了巢的显著结构变化,包括增长的加速和进入距离的增加.
- 巢网络拓表现出传输抑制的修改,例如减少室内的中心性.
- 模拟证实这些建筑适应有效减少疾病传播.
结论:
- 拉西乌斯尼格尔具有建筑免疫力, 积极修改它们的以增强抗病能力.
- 巢结构在社会昆虫群体中的流行风险调节中起着至关重要的作用.
- 利用空间组织策略可以成为一种可行的方法来降低社会动物的疾病易感性.
相关概念视频
01:23The Antiviral System of Bacteria and Archaea: CRISPR
617
CRISPR stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats is a adaptive immune system found in bacteria and archaea that protects against viral infections. This system enables prokaryotic cells to identify, remember, and neutralize foreign genetic elements, primarily bacteriophages, by storing fragments of the invader’s DNA as a genetic memory.The CRISPR immune response begins during an initial infection. Cas (CRISPR-associated) proteins play a central role in this...
617
01:24Adherens Junctions
6.1K
Strong contact points between adjacent cells anchor them to each other, forming tissues. Such anchoring junctions are of two types – adherens junctions and desmosomes. Adherens junctions are abundant in tissues such as epithelium and endothelium, forming a continuous zone of adhesion called the adhesion belt. In other tissues, such as heart muscle, they appear as clusters, linking the cells to produce coordinated heart muscle contraction.
Adherens Junctions are Dynamic
Adherens Junctions are Dynamic
6.1K
01:31Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens
2.6K
The human immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against bacterial infections. It consists of various immune cells, each playing a specific role in the defense mechanism.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
2.6K
02:26Defenses Against Pathogens and Herbivores
29.5K
Plants present a rich source of nutrients for many organisms, making it a target for herbivores and infectious agents. Plants, though lacking a proper immune system, have developed an array of constitutive and inducible defenses to fend off these attacks.
29.5K
01:16Transduction
1.2K
Among the three main modes of HGT—transformation, conjugation, and transduction—transduction is unique in that it is mediated by bacteriophages, or bacterial viruses.Transduction occurs in two ways. Generalized transduction occurs during the lytic cycle of a bacteriophage infection. In this process, bacteriophages infect bacterial cells, replicate within them, and ultimately cause cell lysis, releasing newly assembled virions. Occasionally, random fragments of the bacterial genome...
1.2K