使用可解释的预测建模,揭示功能连接模式,预测年轻人的认知
Hongming Li1,2,3, Matthew Cieslak4,5,6, Taylor Salo4,5,6
1Center for AI and Data Science for Integrated Diagnostics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104.
概括
这项研究引入了一种新的模型,将大脑功能模式与年轻人的认知特征联系起来. 该模型有效地识别了与认知相关的大脑网络,改善了我们对大脑行为关系的理解.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知科学 认知科学
- 数据科学数据科学数据科学
背景情况:
- 使用功能性MRI (fMRI) 的全大脑关联研究 (BWAS) 将大脑功能与行为联系起来.
- 现有的模型 (全脑,区域) 对功能连接 (FC) 数据的概括性和解释性有局限性.
- FC数据的高维度挑战了全脑模型,而区域智能模型限制了捕捉集成的大脑模式.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种可解释的预测模型,用于与行为特征相关的细粒度功能连接 (FC) 模式.
- 共同学习区域相关性和预测功能,以全面描述FC特征协会.
- 为了捕捉大脑范围FC模式对预测认知特征的集体贡献.
主要方法:
- 引入了一个新的可解释的预测模型,整合了区域和参与者级别的FC数据.
- 该模型学习了每个大脑区域的相关性得分和预测功能.
- 区域预测以相关性得分进行加权,用于参与者级预测认知特征.
主要成果:
- 通过使用青少年大脑和认知发展 (ABCD) 研究中6,798名参与者的fMRI数据验证了该模型.
- 确定了特定的大脑网络 (脊髓 - 脊髓,脊髓 - 脊髓,脊髓 - 脊髓,脊髓 - 脊髓) 作为认知特征的预测.
- 实现了竞争性预测准确性和细粒度FC差异在认知领域的详细表征.
结论:
- 开发的方法有效地描述了与年轻人的认知相关的可概括和细粒度的FC模式.
- 学习相关性得分改善了独立队列中纵向认知措施和特征的预测.
- 该模型为理解大脑行为关系提供了增强的解释性和概括性.
更多相关视频
08:51Statistical Modelling of Cortical Connectivity Using Non-invasive Electroencephalograms
Published on: November 1, 2019
6.0K
08:36Dynamic Inter-subject Functional Connectivity Reveals Moment-to-Moment Brain Network Configurations Driven by Continuous or Communication Paradigms
Published on: March 21, 2019
7.6K
相关概念视频
01:30Information Processing Approach
513
The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
513
01:18Cognitive Development During Adolescence
491
During adolescence, individuals experience significant cognitive development that enhances their understanding of others' emotions and thoughts, known as cognitive empathy. This period is marked by an increased ability to adapt to others' perspectives and a more nuanced understanding of others' mental states, a skill that is foundational for social problem-solving and conflict avoidance. The development of cognitive empathy relies heavily on the theory of mind — the...
491
01:30Cognitive Development During Adulthood
770
Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
770
01:24Revisionist Views of Adolescent and Adult Cognition
279
A revisionist approach to Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development has brought new insights that challenge and reinterpret his established ideas. Piaget proposed that the formal operational stage, emerging in adolescence, represents the culmination of cognitive maturity. During this stage, individuals are said to develop abstract thinking, engage in systematic problem-solving, and show a form of egocentrism, believing others are as preoccupied with their behavior as they are...
279
01:21Cognitive Learning
1.0K
Cognitive learning is based on purposive behavior, incidental learning, and insight learning.
E. C. Tolman's theory of purposive behavior emphasizes that much behavior is goal-directed. He argued that to understand behavior, we must look at the entire sequence of actions leading to a goal. For instance, high school students study hard, not just due to past reinforcement but also to achieve the goal of getting into a good college.
Tolman introduced the idea that behavior is influenced by...
E. C. Tolman's theory of purposive behavior emphasizes that much behavior is goal-directed. He argued that to understand behavior, we must look at the entire sequence of actions leading to a goal. For instance, high school students study hard, not just due to past reinforcement but also to achieve the goal of getting into a good college.
Tolman introduced the idea that behavior is influenced by...
1.0K
01:25Cattell's Theory of Intelligence
7.9K
Raymond Cattell, along with John Horn, made significant contributions to our understanding of intelligence by distinguishing between two types: fluid intelligence and crystallized intelligence.
Fluid intelligence involves the capacity to solve new problems and adapt to unfamiliar situations. It's the type of intelligence individuals use when they encounter a novel problem or puzzle that requires innovative thinking. For instance, figuring out how to operate a new gadget relies heavily on...
Fluid intelligence involves the capacity to solve new problems and adapt to unfamiliar situations. It's the type of intelligence individuals use when they encounter a novel problem or puzzle that requires innovative thinking. For instance, figuring out how to operate a new gadget relies heavily on...
7.9K