人造森林景观模式对洛斯高原丘陵地区多元生物多样性的影响
Long Li1, Xingyan Jian2, Zixin Wang2
1Changchun Kuancheng District Government Affairs Management Service Center, Changchun, 130051, China.
Journal of environmental management
|October 16, 2025
概括
种植园森林的扩张影响生物多样性和生态系统功能. 最佳管理尺度因物种而异,异质性和复杂性增强功能,而不是碎片化.
科学领域:
- 生态恢复 生态恢复
- 景观生态学 景观生态学
- 生物多样性保护 生物多样性保护
背景情况:
- 种植园林正在全球扩大,改变景观,并挑战生物多样性维护.
- 了解景观模式对这些森林中的生物多样性和生态系统功能的影响至关重要,但不足.
研究的目的:
- 研究景观模式特征如何影响种植园林中的多种类型生物多样性和生态系统功能.
- 确定规范生物多样性与景观关系的规模依赖机制,并为管理策略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 景观模式的多尺度分析 (100-1000米) (碎片化,异质性,复杂性).
- 评估20个地点的生物多样性 (植物,蝶,) 和生态系统功能 (生物质,授粉,资源利用).
- 统计检查景观模式,生物多样性和生态系统功能之间的关系.
主要成果:
- 生物多样性对景观模式的反应是规模依赖的:植物和蝶在小尺度 (200米) 上受到影响,而鱼则表现出跨尺度的反应.
- 景观的多样性和复杂性通过增加利基可用性和资源,显著增强生态系统功能.
- 生物多样性对植被生产力产生了积极的影响;景观碎片化没有显著影响生物多样性或生态系统功能.
结论:
- 新型依赖规模的机制揭示了不同类型的不同最佳管理规模 (植物:200m,蝶:200m,虫:交叉规模).
- 景观的多样性和复杂性通过不同的途径推动生态系统的多功能性.
- 这些发现挑战了关于碎片化效应的假设,并支持在恢复计划中为生物多样性和生态系统服务提供有针对性的景观管理.
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