冲刺间隔训练在常规篮球训练之前或之后对年轻运动员性别特定的身体表现适应的效果
Lingling Tian1, Chunyang Jie1, Haifeng Guo1
1School of Physical Education, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, HEN, China.
International journal of sports physiology and performance
|October 16, 2025
概括
在篮球比赛之前的冲刺间隔训练 (SIT) 提高了男性的表现,而不是之后. 对于女性运动员来说,SIT的时间不会显著影响身体性能适应. 教练在安排SIT时应该考虑性别.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 篮球表现 篮球表现
背景情况:
- 冲刺间隔训练 (SIT) 是一种增强身体表现的有效方法.
- 与篮球等其他运动特定训练相比,SIT的最佳时机尚未完全被理解.
- 适应培训方案的潜在性别差异需要进行调查.
研究的目的:
- 调查篮球训练前和训练后SIT对身体性能适应的影响.
- 确定年轻篮球运动员对不同SIT时间的反应中的潜在性别差异.
主要方法:
- 一个为期6周的项目,涉及24名男性和24名女性篮球运动员.
- 参与者被随机分为一个小组,在篮球之前执行SIT,篮球后,或一个活跃的对照组.
- SIT包括3组12次重复的5秒全力冲刺,每周3次.
主要成果:
- 男女两组在反运动垂直跳 (CMVJ),20米冲刺和峰值功率输出 (PPO) 中均显著改善.
- 男性运动员在CMVJ,20米冲刺和PPO方面经历了更大的改进,当SIT在篮球训练之前进行篮球训练时,与其之后相比.
- 女运动员在基于SIT时间 (篮球前与篮球后) 的表现适应方面没有显著差异.
结论:
- 对于男性篮球运动员来说,在篮球训练之前执行SIT可以最大限度地改善短期绩效指标.
- 对于女性篮球运动员来说,SIT与篮球训练相比的顺序不会影响性能调整.
- 教练应该根据运动员的性别和所需的表现结果来个性化SIT处方,优先考虑男人的篮球前SIT.
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