双重任务对正常衰老中的脑力表现的影响
Giulio Contemori1, Chiara Iorio1, Mario Bonato2
1Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Via Venezia 8, Padua, Italy.
Scientific reports
|October 16, 2025
概括
认知-认知双重任务成本在老年人中保持稳定,这表明注意力分裂的能力是一致的. 这种方法可能有助于检测认知能力下降的早期迹象.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
背景情况:
- 多任务处理越来越常见,特别是在面临更高认知需求的老年人中.
- 研究已经探索了运动-认知双重任务,但认知-认知双重任务却不那么多.
- 了解双重任务期间认知效率的年龄相关变化至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用一种新的认知-认知双重任务来研究双重任务成本,年龄和认知效率之间的关系.
- 评估年龄如何影响同步视觉记忆和语音流性任务的表现.
- 探索双重任务成本和其他认知指标之间的相关性.
主要方法:
- 开发了一种基于计算机的认知-认知双重任务,涉及视觉记忆和语音流.
- 在单任务和双任务条件下测试了61名50-77岁的健康参与者.
- 分析了与年龄和认知效率评分 (MoCA,TMT) 相关的性能下降 (双任务成本).
主要成果:
- 视觉记忆和语音流性表现都随着认知负载和年龄的增加而下降.
- 双重任务成本在调查的年龄范围内是一致的,表明与认知负载没有与年龄相关的相互作用.
- 较高的与记忆相关的成本与分散注意力任务 (TMT) 的表现较差相关,但与MoCA分数无关.
结论:
- 认知-认知双重任务对与年龄相关的非病理性认知变化敏感.
- 跨年龄的稳定双重任务成本表明一个核心的注意力分裂能力.
- 这种范式可以作为开发检测早期认知障碍检测测试的基准.
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