表观遗传改变在缺氧中促进了转录和翻译程序
Kathleen Watt1,2, Bianca Dauber2, Krzysztof J Szkop1
1Department of Oncology-Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Nature cell biology
|October 16, 2025
概括
细胞应激适应涉及基因表达的变化. 这项研究揭示了表观遗传重编程,特别是H3K4me3调制,改变了转录起点 (TSS) 并在缺氧期间增强了蛋白质合成.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.
- 癌症研究 癌症研究
背景情况:
- 细胞应激适应需要协调的转录和转录后基因调节.
- 连接表观遗传修饰与压力下的基因表达的精确机制尚未完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 研究表观遗传重编程在协调细胞应激期间的基因表达中的作用,特别是缺氧.
- 阐明转录开始地点 (TSS) 选择对蛋白质合成和代谢适应的影响.
主要方法:
- 在缺氧条件下对乳腺癌细胞和人类胚胎干细胞中的转录组,表观组和翻译组进行量化.
- 药理学调节H3K4me3以评估其在TSS选择中的作用.
- 分析5'未翻译区域 (5'UTR) 的重塑及其对翻译的影响.
主要成果:
- 缺氧诱导TSS选择的广泛变化,与核细胞重定位和H3K4me3分布有关.
- H3K4me3调制可以独立控制TSS选择,独立于HIF1转录程序.
- 转换TSS重塑5'UTRs,选择性地增强关键代谢适应基因的翻译,例如pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1.
结论:
- 表观遗传重编程,特别是H3K4me3介导的TSS选择,是低氧期间调节基因表达的关键机制.
- 这种TSS切换的表观遗传控制代表了一种新的转化调节层,影响细胞适应压力.
- 这些发现揭示了一条以前未被认可的途径,将表观遗传与癌细胞中的代谢适应联系起来.
相关概念视频
Epigenetic Regulation
3.7K
Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
X-chromosome...
3.7K
Epigenetic Regulation
33.5K
Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
33.5K
Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply
3.3K
Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits. Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl...
3.3K
Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells
6.9K
Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
6.9K
RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins
10.8K
Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...
10.8K
Histone Modification
15.9K
The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone...
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone...
15.9K


