药物使用障碍的负担不断变化:2021年全球疾病负担研究的综合流行病学分析
Yujuan Liu1, Ning Zhang1, Weifang Ren1
1Department of Pharmacy, Jinshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Frontiers in psychiatry
|October 17, 2025
概括
从1990年到2021年,全球药物使用障碍 (DUDs) 病例增加了36%,死亡率增加了122%. 发病率下降与死亡率上升形成对比,表明减少危害和获得治疗的关键差距.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 药物使用研究研究 药物使用研究
背景情况:
- 药物使用障碍 (DUDs) 是一个重大的全球健康挑战.
- 关于DUD流行病学趋势,社会人口统计学驱动因素和国际差异的综合分析有限.
- 这项研究利用了2021年全球疾病负担 (GBD) 数据来分析DUD,包括阿片类药物,大麻,可卡因和安非他命.
研究的目的:
- 从1990年到2021年,评估DUDs的全球,区域和国家负担.
- 确定与DUDs相关的流行病学趋势和社会人口统计因素.
- 检查DUDs的跨国差异.
主要方法:
- 在204个国家使用GBD 2021数据对DUD的年龄标准化发病率,流行率,死亡率和DALY进行分析.
- 贝叶斯元回归 (DisMod-MR 2.1) 和年龄周期队列建模的应用.
- 按性别,年龄,地区和社会人口指数 (SDI) 划分趋势的分层,不确定性间隔来自1000个后拉图.
主要成果:
- 在全球范围内,在1990年至2021年期间,DUD病例增加了36%,死亡率增加了一倍以上 (122%).
- 年龄标准化发病率下降了8%,但死亡率增加了31%,DALY增加了15%.
- 高收入的北美地区的死亡率增加了11.2倍,而阿片类药物和可卡因的DUD显著增加,特别是在高SDI地区和年轻男性中.
结论:
- 增加的DUD死亡率和DALYs,尽管发病率下降,但揭示了危害减少和治疗机会的关键差距,特别是在高SDI的国家.
- 对于阿片类药物和可卡因危机,迫切需要进行监管改革和综合护理模式.
- 针对社会经济决定因素和多种物质使用的特定环境干预措施对于减轻全球日益增长的DUD负担至关重要.
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