对评估注意力缺陷多动性障碍患病率的研究进行批判性评估
Michelle Tivadar1,2, Sara Popit1,3, Igor Locatelli1
1University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Frontiers in psychiatry
|October 17, 2025
概括
大多数关于注意力缺陷多动症 (ADHD) 患病率的研究方法质量较低. 对于可靠的ADHD数据来说,批判性评估至关重要,以改善患者的护理和对疾病负担的理解.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 注意缺陷多动性障碍 (ADHD) 是一种常见的神经发育障碍,估计儿童患病率为5-7%,成人患病率为2-5%.
- 发表的流行率的变化往往归因于研究设计的方法差异.
- 准确的流行数据对于有效的临床决策和公共卫生政策至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 批判性地评估报告ADHD患病率的研究方法质量.
- 确定关键评估工具的适用性,以评估ADHD流行研究.
主要方法:
- 一项系统性审查确定了103项报告临床证实ADHD患病率的研究.
- 101项研究使用Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) 调整的批判性评估工具进行了偏差风险评估,该工具基于Cochrane风险偏差-2 (RoB2) 方法.
- 研究根据受试者的年龄和类型进行了分类.
主要成果:
- 在评估流行病研究方面,JBI 批判性评估工具被证明是最有效的.
- 大多数研究 (61.4%) 显示存在偏差的高风险.
- 只有很小一部分研究 (6.9%) 显示偏差风险低,这表明广泛的方法缺陷.
结论:
- 研究ADHD患病率的方法质量通常很低.
- 将批判性评估纳入系统性审查是确保ADHD流行数据可靠性的必要条件.
- 提高患病率估计的准确性是必要的,以便更好地了解ADHD的疾病负担,并加强患者管理策略.
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