鉴定美国社区卫生诊所对非美国出生的非美国人结核病预防护理的差距
Priya B Shete1,2, Matthew T Murrill2,3, Katharine M Tatum4
1Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Open forum infectious diseases
|October 17, 2025
概括
预防结核病 (TB) 对于在美国消除结核病至关重要. 这项研究发现,在初级保健机构中,非美国出生的个人在结核病感染测试和治疗方面存在重大差距.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染病流行病学 传染病流行病学
- 健康差异 在健康上的差异
背景情况:
- 结核病 (TB) 疾病不成比例地影响在美国以外出生的人.
- 对潜伏结核病感染的预防性护理对于结核病消除工作至关重要.
- 了解非美国出生的人口在初级保健中的护理差距至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 测量在美国社区卫生诊所接受初级保健的非美国出生的人群中结核病预防护理的差距.
- 为这种高风险人群提供结核病预防服务的质量进行鉴定.
- 确定结核病护理级联中需要改进的领域.
主要方法:
- 在12个美国社区卫生诊所进行的回顾性队列研究.
- 包括大约700名在2019年6月至12月期间寻求护理的18岁以上非美国出生的非美国人.
- 使用多变量混合效应物流模型,构建护理级联来分析结核病感染测试和治疗方面的差距.
主要成果:
- 在8460人中,只有33%的人被要求进行结核病感染测试.
- 在那些阳性测试的人群中 (1022人),77%被诊断出结核病感染.
- 只有48%的被诊断患者接受了预防性治疗,而82%的受治疗者完成了治疗.
结论:
- 在美国社区卫生诊所对非美国出生的个人进行结核病感染测试和治疗启动方面存在普遍差距.
- 需要有针对性的战略,以改善结核病在受结核病影响不成比例的人群中的结核病预防护理.
- 进一步的研究应该集中在有效的干预措施上,以弥合这些护理差距.
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