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微波相位噪声对钻石量子传感器的影响

Andris Berzins¹, Maziar Saleh Ziabari¹, Yaser Silani¹

¹Center for High Technology Materials and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106, USA.

Physical review research

|October 17, 2025

概括

微波相位噪声显著影响空 (NV) 中心传感器,产生模仿磁场的噪声底层. 像梯度计这样的策略可以抑制这种噪音,提高钻石量子传感器的灵敏度.

科学领域:

量子传感是一种量子感应.
钻石量子技术是一种钻石量子技术.
光学和光子学在光学和光子学.

背景情况:

钻石中的空 (NV) 中心对于精确的光学测量和敏感的应用,如femtotesla磁力测量至关重要.
在NV中心实现亚毫赫兹频率分辨率对于要求高的应用至关重要.
微波 (MW) 阶段噪声是影响NV传感器性能的一个关键因素.

研究的目的:

为了研究微波 (MW) 阶段噪声对空 (NV) 传感器响应的影响.
量化由商业发电机的MW相位噪声引入的有效噪声底部.
在NV传感协议中开发和演示减轻MW阶段噪声的策略.

主要方法:

研究了MW相位波动对NV旋转状态旋转和光学读数的影响.
模拟了NV传感器响应,使用频域方法,包括MW阶段噪声光谱.
注入受控的白色和随机步行相位噪声来验证分析表达式.
实施了基于梯度计的方法来抑制MW阶段噪音.

主要成果:

来自商业发电机的MW相位噪声在pT s^1/2范围内创建一个有效的噪声底部.
噪声底线取决于MW载波和检测频率.
分析表达式准确地描述了NV磁性噪声底层缩放与脉冲序列参数.
基于梯度计的方法实现了超过10倍的MW阶段噪声影响抑制.

结论:

兆瓦相位噪声是高灵敏度钻石量子传感器面临的重大挑战.
了解和减轻MW相位噪声对于推进NV中心应用至关重要.
这些发现适用于对相位噪声敏感的其他量子比特系统.

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